Want a Real Nutrient Dense Food? Try Meat

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Chris Kresser

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Chris Kresser, M.S., L.Ac is a globally recognized leader in the fields of ancestral health, Paleo nutrition, and functional and integrative medicine. Link to notes from this podcast by Chris Kresser: http://kresser.co/gamechangers

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A lot of the film was reenactments as well. You know, like when James was sitting there with the knee braces on, that was not after his surgery. I thought he was vegan in like 2011 or 2012 or something. When he's in the film, when they're filming him, he's sitting there doing his research. I don't think they filmed him while it was happening back in 2012 after the injury. I mean, this is like, one of the things that I thought was well done about the film was that they took someone, James, on the kind of the journey of starting as an omnivore and then, you know, having these realizations and turning into a vegan. But the problem was that journey happened long before the film was made. Exactly. So that was a little disingenuous. Well, that's why I'm saying he's sitting there with those knee braces on and he's going over his research and just happened to have a camera crew there while he's learning how to heal himself. I'm like, hey man, I know what you're doing. I don't know. I mean, that's a narrative device. It's good filmmaking. Even the rope thing. Even the rope thing. Yeah. I mean, I'm watching him do the rope thing at the end like, oh boy, I'm done. You just did an hour. Bro, if you did an hour, you'd be fucking drenched with sweat and you'd be exhausted. You wouldn't, they sprayed you or something. Like, this is fine. I believe he really did that. I don't believe he's a liar, but like, ooh. I mean, like you said, he's clearly- It's theatrical. He's an amazing athlete. Yes. And ripped and, you know, super capable. And this was a, you know, an agenda driven film. It was meant to persuade and convince people. Well, that's why it's weird because that's clearly acting. You're recreating these moments. Right, but it's built as a, it's marketed as a documentary. Because he's talking about it having just happened right after he switched over to a vegan diet. All of a sudden he could do an hour on the battle ropes. And then they're filming him. Yeah. I'm like, come on, man. There's no fucking camera crew where that happened. You're redoing this. Yeah. You think, I mean, I get it. This is how you show the footage. You put it out there and it makes it like a little bit better for people to swallow and get, you know. And I like the scenes of him doing the self-defense demonstrations because you get to see. He truly is a fantastic martial artist. He really does know his stuff. Absolutely. There's a lot of great aspects to that. Like I said, I like that guy a lot. But there's a lot of fuckery in this movie, man. So, I mean, a couple of the most ridiculous things from the movie. We can get to boners. We can get to boners. Good. Slide 64. You probably remember this morning. This was the guy who's like in Africa. He was a former Special Forces sniper, I think. And he says, this whole fantasy, we need to eat meat to get our protein. It's actually bullshit. I mean, look at a gorilla. A gorilla will fuck you up in two seconds. What does a gorilla eat? I just do the same things, these big, great things out here that we're trying to protect, elephant and rhino. Yeah. Well, that's just, it's a nonsensical argument. You know what will fuck you up even faster than the gorilla? A lion. A human who has a gun that eats McDonald's and KFC. What is a gun? It's a tool. How did we develop tools? Because we started eating meat and fish and we came down out of the trees and we weren't spending more than half of our waking hours eating leaves and low-calorie fruits. You know, we don't, like comparing our digestive, like what we should eat with a gorilla is just asinine. That's a problem because they bring that up all the time. They say we have the same digestive gut tract as an herbivore. That's just not true. Also just objectively false. Yes. You know, the large, for a gorilla, the largest volume of their digestive tract is in their large intestine, which is ideal for breaking down tough foods, you know, fiber, seeds and those kinds of plant foods. Whereas in humans, the largest volume of our digestive tract is in the small intestine, which is better for absorbing nutrient dense bioavailable foods like meat and cooked foods, cooked tubers and things like that. Yes. You know, a gorilla, in order to get the amount of protein that gets them strong and ripped, they eat 40 to 60 pounds of food a day and they're eating for more than half of their waking hours. So it's really, you know, that's just not comparable at all to compare us to a, to a, to a gorilla. We also have different genes. It's the same thing when they're talking about oxes, like strong as an ox. There's a myostatin issue, right? Yes. There's, the genes are programmed to carry more muscle. So yeah, that's Patrick Baboumi and he says, you know, people ask me, how did you get strong as an ox without eating meat? Have you ever seen an ox eating meat? Well, I say, have you ever seen a human with six different stomachs standing in a field eating, you know, grass for 14 hours a day? Right. That's ridiculous. It is ridiculous. It's not, it's like, to me, those, those damage the credibility of the movie. Well, it's just sound bites that sound cute. Like people go, yeah, you ever seen an ox eat that? Eat what a gorilla eats. That's what I do. I know, but I mean, I just, I, right. It just, to me though, that's like the quality of the argument being made. It really does. Just know when they're like you'd dispute it. That's the problem. You know, that's why I bring you aboard. I mean, and then there was the anthropologist woman. You remember that scene in the end where she, that, that's where I really started rolling my eyes because she was making the arguments that humans have always followed a plant-based diet. Did you, do you remember that part? Silly. Okay. So, we're going to start with that. So, I mean, we've got isotope studies that show that humans have been eating meat for at least two and a half million years. And if you go back even before we were really actually human, there's a lot of evidence now that our chimp ancestors were also eating vertebrates. And one of the biggest shocks for people has been the observation that chimps hunt and they kill other monkeys and other animals and eat them. I mean, it kind of blew apart like this whole idea of primates only being, you know, eating plants. And if that happened, if an animal evolves complex behavior like hunting or tool use in order to eat certain food, it means that food has a lot of value or else that, that behavior wouldn't have evolved. But then we have bone collagen studies. Let me see if I can find this slide, Jamie. So, that's 47 and 48. So, these are, bone collagen isotope studies are much more accurate than some of the previous methods that were used. And the earliest hominids that were studied with these were Neanderthals. So, there's three studies that have been done in Neanderthal groups ranging from 130,000 to 28,000 years ago. And then they compared those isotope levels with contemporary species. And they found that Neanderthals were similar to top-level carnivores. So, they all derived the vast majority of their protein from animal sources likely to be large herbivores. And then on the next slide, 48. Why does it have, hold on a second, pack up. Why does it have a pterodactyl flying in the background? Why are they bullshitting us? Does those fucking things live 60 fucking million years before? That's so stupid. You know, there's a limit to what stock photography can come up with. I know, but all you have to do is just snip that part out, you asshole. Why do you have a guy walking on two feet with a fucking piece of meat on a stick? That's so stupid. And he's obviously not a Neanderthal too. The skull is the wrong shape. Yeah, the skull's the wrong shape, right? That's double crazy. So, that's a homo sapien, which is only 500,000 years ago. That stock photo. Well, let's talk about homo sapiens. So, on the next slide, there are two stable isotope bone collagen studies that have been done with modern humans, homo sapiens, sapiens. And the first group was 13,000 years ago in southern England. And the second group was 30,000 to 40,000 years ago in La Cravat, which is in France. And they also found that they were, you know, carnivores, mostly large herbivores, but the French group consumed a more diverse mix of protein, including seafood. So, the fossil record clearly, clearly indicates that humans were eating, you know, humans and, you know, homo sapiens and Neanderthals, all of our hominid ancestors were eating a lot of meat. And she wasn't using any evidence to cite this either, was she? She was using that lame anatomical argument that we have, you know, relatively flat molars like herbivores do, and we don't have claws, we don't have sharp canine teeth. But guess what? We've got forks, we've got knives. And we've got fire. We've got fire to cook our food. Yeah, and we had fire for a long fucking time. And the adaptations that make those anatomical characteristics that a lion or, you know, or a carnivorous animal has unnecessary for us. I mean, that's just like anthropology 101. Right. So, they just found someone who's vegan who's also an anthropologist. Yeah, one anthropologist, and then they rewrite the whole history of, you know, animal food consumption among hominids. Yeah. And the demand that human beings over two million years ago, the doubling of the human brain size, corresponds with the learning how to hunt consuming more meat. The appearance of tool marks on bones corresponded directly with the doubling of brain volume, the reduction in our gut volume, which indicates a move to a more nutrient-dense diet, the increase in the volume of our small intestine relative to our large intestine, and then what's called the gracilization of our jaw, which means our teeth and jaw became less robust, and that's thought to be an adaptation to more digestible nutrient-dense bioavailable food, where we're not like chewing cut or, you know, chewing on leaves or low-calorie fruit like a gorilla is all day. And this argument about nutrient density, this is why that term is very important, because people always want to use that for plant-based foods, nutrient-dense plant-based foods. Meat is far more nutrient-dense per calorie, per ounce, per amino acid profile. With essential nutrients, yeah. So essential meaning nutrients that we can't manufacture on our own and that we absolutely need. Organ meats are actually at the top of the list in terms of nutrient density. Organ meats and shellfish take the cake. Then you have herbs and spices are actually pretty high too, and then you have other, you know, muscle meats, eggs, all those things. Foods like grains and legumes tend to be towards the bottom of the list, you know, with vegetables in the middle. Right, but that sounds good. Nutrient-dense plant-based foods sounds good. It sounds like you're doing the right thing, and this is like where this lingo is coming from. I mean, this is where I argue that plants do belong, because plants do have certain nutrients, phytonutrients, fibers, and things that actually don't feed us but feed our gut flora that I do think are important. Right. Even though they're not considered essential, like vitamin B12 or vitamin D or something like that, I do think they're still important and they play a role. What I'm talking about is the difference between caveman altering its diet or the modern or ancient man altering their diet and this doubling of the human brain size corresponding with consuming more nutrient-dense foods. What that means is meat. Yeah, absolutely. Meat, fish, and fish, as we saw, were some of the modern humans who were living in coastal regions. But these more bioavailable nutrient-dense foods, definitely. Now, what other silliness? So this is the anthropology argument that just doesn't seem to fit any of the state-of-the-art science. It doesn't fit, yeah. It completely contradicts.