#1006 - Jordan Peterson & Bret Weinstein

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Jordan Peterson

10 appearances

Jordan Peterson is a clinical psychologist, co-founder of the educational platform Peterson Academy, host of "The Jordan B. Peterson Podcast," and the author of several bestselling books. His most recent title is "We Who Wrestle with God: Perceptions of the Divine." www.jordanbpeterson.com

Bret Weinstein

14 appearances

Bret Weinstein, PhD, is an evolutionary biologist, author, and co-host of “The DarkHorse Podcast” with his wife, biologist Heather Heying. They are the co-authors of “A Hunter-Gatherer’s Guide to the 21st Century: Evolution and the Challenges of Modern Life.” www.bretweinstein.net www.youtube.com/@DarkHorsePod www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/618153/a-hunter-gatherers-guide-to-the-21st-century-by-heather-heying-and-bret-weinstein/

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0:00

getting bigger but the video part is getting to a larger percentage three two

0:05

one

0:06

gentlemen we're live here we go jordan peterson brett weinstein how are you

0:12

guys doing very well

0:13

thanks for coming in to be here i'm excited to have you in hey should be fun

0:16

you're spiffy you

0:18

make us look uh very schlubby what are you doing what can i say man you know i

0:22

only brought a

0:23

limited number of clothes well good move you look great and uh good to see you

0:28

guys both of you and

0:29

uh so uh whose idea was it to do this first of all so just uh i think it was i

0:33

think it was brett's

0:35

yeah i saw a tweet of jordan's about uh or maybe it wasn't a tweet i did see a

0:41

youtube clip that

0:42

somebody tweeted i don't know if it was you uh your perspective on um on hitler

0:47

and uh your argument

0:50

was that he was actually even far worse than his reputation would lead us to

0:54

believe and it's funny

0:56

it uh it harkens back to my first evolutionary project as an undergraduate i

1:01

was working with

1:02

bob trivers who's um one of the leading evolutionary minds of the 20th century

1:06

he was i was lucky enough

1:08

to have him as an undergraduate advisor pull this sucker right up to your face

1:11

because you're going

1:11

to turn sideways because we're looking at each other next to each other yeah

1:15

yeah okay so uh anyway i did a

1:18

a project with bob on analyzing the holocaust from an evolutionary perspective

1:24

i wanted to test the

1:25

question about whether you know at the time it was it was commonplace for

1:29

people to say that hitler

1:31

was crazy and there was something that bothered me about that analysis i think

1:35

there's something

1:35

actually dangerous that we dismiss somebody like hitler as crazy before we

1:40

understand actually what

1:41

they're up to so when i saw uh your your video clip i thought it would be worth

1:45

having a discussion

1:47

so that we could figure out what perspective makes sense that sounds like an

1:51

awesome topic but before we

1:53

get to that i would really like to know what's going on with you because you're

1:56

at the center of this crazy

1:58

controversy of evergreen state college uh you essentially left the area you're

2:05

uh suing the college now so

2:08

where do you stand now uh we have not yet filed suit and in fact i can't talk

2:13

about what took place inside

2:15

the negotiation but we had our first sit down with the college yesterday and uh

2:20

this was a an attempt to

2:22

to avert a suit but i will say from where i sit as hard as this is to believe

2:30

it appears that the college

2:32

has learned nothing from this episode and that it is doubling down on the same

2:37

foolish sets of beliefs

2:40

and assumptions that got it into trouble in the first place so that that is not

2:44

a hopeful situation no

2:46

and for anybody that's not aware what this whole story is about you would

2:48

either have to go back to

2:50

brett's podcast that we did a few months back or please just google evergreen

2:54

state university and

2:55

google brett and you will be blown away by the insanity it's social justice

3:01

warrior gone amok the whole

3:03

campus kids patrolling the campus with baseball bats i mean the whole thing is

3:08

just completely bananas

3:10

the president of the university uh being told by the children not to use his

3:14

hands when he's speaking

3:16

because it's a microaggression so he puts his hands down the children start

3:20

cheering and laughing they

3:21

don't realize they're being played the whole thing is just some crazy grand

3:26

game by the children and i'm

3:28

calling them children i don't give a how old they are to to have power over

3:32

people i mean essentially

3:34

what this is all boiling down to and you really see it in that moment where

3:37

they tell him to put his hands

3:38

down and he does and they they laugh and cheer and think it's amazing well you

3:42

know they're educated to do

3:44

that to some degree because one of the tenants of the post-modernism that they're

3:47

being spoon-fed is

3:48

that there's no such there's nothing but power that's the only thing that mediates

3:52

relationships between

3:54

people because there's no real world everything's a social construct and it's a

3:59

landscape of conflict

4:00

between groups that's that's the post-modern world and the only the only actual

4:06

means of expression is

4:07

power that's that's why the post-modernists make the claim constantly that the

4:11

patriarchy is a corrupt

4:12

institution because they look at hierarchical organizations and they're stratified

4:16

obviously

4:17

there's people at the top and people at the bottom the only reason that there

4:20

are people at the top is

4:21

because they dominate by power there's no there's no philosophy of authority or

4:25

competence that's all gone

4:27

and so and and if you're cynical about that sort of thing and you should be you

4:32

might say that part of

4:33

the reason that the only thing that the post-modernists believe in is power is

4:37

because that helps them

4:37

justify their arbitrary use of it under any circumstances whatsoever and i

4:41

think that's right i think

4:43

that's exactly what happens so it's not surprising that that you see this

4:47

manifested in the mob-like

4:48

behavior of the students it's right in accordance with everything they're being

4:52

taught

4:53

so well they're also being taught in this sort of any means necessary to uh to

4:58

get over the

4:59

establishment like the establishment is this horrible institution and they

5:03

could justify pretty much

5:04

anything yeah this is what like punch a nazi who's a nazi everybody that doesn't

5:08

agree with you

5:09

i mean it's essentially what's what's being said ad nauseam in in social

5:14

justice warrior circles online

5:17

and you see i've seen punch a nazi so many times i mean but when it came down

5:21

to charlottesville there

5:23

was very little punching of nazis you know the whole thing was like it's all it's

5:27

all very insane we see

5:28

real nazis like those are real nazis you know like go fucking punch them please

5:34

you know we've also i

5:35

think don't even do that by the way right well and i think we've already

5:39

figured out everyone right from

5:41

the right to the left everyone's figured out that wherever the nazis went that

5:45

was wrong we've all agreed

5:47

on that we're not going there anymore and so when someone pops up and says well

5:50

we should go there it's like

5:52

they're immediately identifiable you can box them in and if you have any sense

5:56

like you know like many

5:57

conservatives did in the aftermath of charlottesville they come out and say

6:01

well in case it needs to be

6:02

said again we're actually not allied with those people yeah well that's one of

6:06

the one that was the

6:07

most disturbing thing for many people about donald trump's reaction to it that

6:10

he didn't take a hard

6:12

stance against these white supremacists showing up with tiki torches walking to

6:15

the street yelling

6:16

anti-semitic phrases or whatever i don't know exactly what they're yelling i've

6:20

read a bunch of different

6:21

things but the whole thing was a is an abomination i mean it was a horrific

6:26

thing to watch and you know

6:28

donald trump comes out and says there was horrible behavior on all sides yeah

6:32

well i thought i thought

6:33

about that for a lot because i got tangled up with that in a strange way in canada

6:38

um i was supposed to

6:40

appear on a panel a panel discussing the suppression of free speech on

6:44

university campuses which was then

6:46

promptly cancelled by the university that was going to host it in the aftermath

6:50

of charlottesville partly

6:52

because one of the panelists was going to be faith goldie who was the

6:55

journalist that was covering

6:56

charlottesville and got the footage of the of the car and uh and the damage but

7:01

um

7:02

we we we were targeted immediately afterward with the nazi epithet and ryerson

7:09

cut shut down the shut down

7:11

the free speech panel so it's coming up again in november 11th you were

7:15

targeted as nazis yeah yeah

7:17

yeah what happened was this this this uh this this person um put up a facebook

7:23

page and used a swastika

7:25

with a no you know like a circle with a line through it and said no fascists no

7:30

fascists at ryerson

7:31

essentially but she used the swastika and she got a bunch of people rallied

7:36

together to pressure the

7:38

university administration into cancelling the event which they promptly did and

7:42

then they had a

7:42

celebration party the night of the event and this is here's something that was

7:46

really interesting so

7:47

they got a couple i think a couple of hundred people out to the celebration at

7:50

ryerson and they

7:52

they were united under the banner of the hammer and sickle and were calling for

7:57

revolution and what was

7:58

so interesting about that and i really mean technically that it was interesting

8:02

was that

8:02

the mainstream media said virtually nothing about the fact that these let's

8:07

call them counter protesters

8:09

i don't know exactly how you'd term them had come out under this murderous

8:12

symbol and that's made me

8:13

think like i can't figure out why the swastika is an immediate identifier of a

8:20

pathological personality

8:23

and the hammer and sickle isn't there's actually a reason it isn't just

8:26

arbitrary and i think maybe

8:28

it's something like the nazi is the guy who knifes you in the alley and steals

8:32

your wallet and the

8:33

communist is the white collar criminal who takes your pension and you're

8:37

actually more afraid of the

8:38

first person than the second person because the damage they do is more proximal

8:42

and emit and emotionally

8:43

recognizable but that's the second guy who takes your pension for example he's

8:48

perhaps even more

8:49

dangerous but there's a there's a bloodiness about the nazi symbol and an

8:53

immediate emotional impact

8:55

that the hammer and sickle just doesn't produce and and some of that's because

8:58

people are badly

8:59

educated historically i think that's it i think it's pure ignorance well i don't

9:02

think it's just

9:03

ignorance no i think that the people that are wearing those che govara t-shirts

9:06

really understand

9:07

the history of che govara or do you think he represents this sexy south

9:11

american counter-protest

9:12

character a guy who stands up to the establishment as we know it a guy who's

9:17

wearing a green beret wearing

9:18

a beret hiding in the jungle fighting against the oppressive uh the

9:23

dictatorship of america i mean

9:25

that's what that's what they're looking at when they see that image well the

9:28

the the fact that

9:29

historical ignorance plays a role in this is absolutely certain and i think the

9:33

romanticization

9:34

of people like che govara is exactly i think you nailed that exactly but i do

9:38

think there's a a deeper

9:39

question here it's like i was thinking in the aftermath of charlottesville many

9:43

conservatives

9:43

immediately divorced themselves from the nazis ben shapir was a good example

9:47

right yeah and and it was

9:48

very much reminiscent of william f buckley divorcing himself from the john birch

9:52

society back in the

9:53

1960s the right wing seems it seems to be easier for the right wing to draw a

9:57

line around the nazis and

9:59

say no that's not us partly because the right wingers conservatives are better

10:02

at drawing boundaries

10:04

but you know let's say we wanted to draw a boundary around the radical leftists

10:08

okay point to something well on the right you say well you wore a swastika yeah

10:12

you're out of the club

10:13

man right on the left well you believe what what's the smoking pistol you

10:17

believe in equity it's like

10:19

that's that's a smoking pistol as far as i'm concerned but it doesn't have the

10:22

same emotional punch as

10:24

you wore a swastika to the protest yeah you believe in equity and you refuse to

10:28

define it that would be

10:29

right right but i mean right but that's such a there's no emotional punch in

10:33

that it's like well

10:34

i'm not going to associate with you because you believe in equity it's like it's

10:37

too complicated

10:38

it's right um i do want to back us up here though because um the i think we

10:42

underrate the danger of

10:45

and i think nazis are a red herring um there is something that actually does

10:50

threaten to re-emerge

10:52

and charlottesville is a version of it but i think because we have a cartoon

10:58

understanding of what

10:59

that protest was actually about and how many people are actually involved we

11:04

don't really see why this

11:06

is a dangerous and contentious issue and i think the answer is an evolutionary

11:12

one that hasn't been

11:14

spelled out and because it hasn't been spelled out it's very hard to point to i

11:18

hate to keep interrupting

11:19

but just get this right up to your face because it sounds good to us but the

11:22

people listening online

11:23

all right is that better yeah just when you turn to him just turn the thing

11:26

with you okay yeah

11:27

just get it always keep it a fist from your face that's the best uh sorry that's

11:31

all right so explain

11:33

what you mean by this so my point would be that what took place in germany in

11:39

the 30s was a particularly

11:45

particularly visible well documented example of a pattern that is much more

11:51

common in human history

11:53

and because this pattern emerges as a result of certain uh features of the way

11:58

evolution functions

11:59

in the context of humans it is actually always a danger that it will re-emerge

12:04

and knowing what to

12:05

do about it is uh not so simple until you've seen why it occurs and what it

12:11

means what i've what i've been

12:14

saying uh in lectures i've given on this is that uh tyranny is the end game of

12:20

prosperity and so there

12:21

is a pattern in which you will go through a period of prosperousness in which

12:26

it appears that that thing

12:27

is defeated once and for all there's no reason for people to be going after

12:30

each other in this particular

12:32

way and then at the point that that pattern peters out it re-emerges and people

12:37

don't expect that it

12:38

flies under a different flag or something like that and so i do think that

12:42

looking at the tiny number of

12:44

people who were doing what they were doing in charlottesville and saying well

12:49

that's we all agree

12:51

that this is wrong misses the fact that actually i think trump is doing it cynically

12:57

but trump was riding

12:58

a wave that there are there are ideas which are not permissible from the

13:03

environments in which we

13:05

all grew up that are going to become permissible again if we are not careful to

13:09

recognize that that's

13:10

that's the nature of history i think i think it's highly probable that that's

13:14

going to occur i mean

13:15

part of the reason that i landed in the political hot water that i landed in

13:20

last year was because

13:21

i was increasingly aware that this process of polarization was going to take

13:25

place and that

13:26

the continual in my estimation anyways the continual clawing of of new ground

13:33

underneath the radical

13:34

leftist rubric especially in the universities is is starting to produce an

13:38

extraordinarily dangerous

13:40

counter position and that was manifest at least to some degree in charlottesville

13:44

and so i think you're

13:45

right is that well i i you don't want to be complacent say well we know who the

13:49

nazis are and we're not

13:50

going there and so the problem is solved the problem isn't solved there's all

13:54

sorts of weird activity

13:55

in the non-radical left space like on the other side of the radical left

14:00

whatever that is and

14:02

right now what it is is not obvious you know it's it's the alt-left alt-right

14:06

that's part of it it's

14:08

the kekistanis it's this peppy thing it's it's some of its comedy some of its

14:12

satire some of its serious

14:14

some of its the inversion of identity politics which is very dangerous and it's

14:18

the maybe the most

14:19

dangerous thing about charlottesville is that there's something there's

14:23

something extraordinarily

14:24

dangerous about having people revert to identification with their racial

14:28

identity it's really not a good

14:30

thing well there's the reversion to their racial identity there's basically an

14:35

outbreak of tribalism

14:37

which explains what's going on on the far right what's going on on the left is

14:41

a bit of a new twist

14:43

what you have is a coalition of different tribal identities that aren't large

14:47

enough to marshal a

14:48

force on their own and so they're united and together they are a formidable

14:54

force but what's going to

14:55

happen is that's that's an unstable entity at the point that that force gains

15:00

power it's going to come

15:01

apart as internal dynamics rip it up um so it's not actually a uh a a a it's

15:09

not capable of restraining

15:11

the version that recurs on the right the version that does manifest as as uh

15:17

white nationalism that

15:19

version is stable because it does represent an actual population that has uh an

15:24

evolutionary basis for

15:27

remaining cohesive and i should point out there's a danger when you hear an

15:31

evolutionary biologist talk

15:33

about evolutionary patterns people often infer that if an evolutionary biologist

15:38

is saying that

15:38

something is a pattern that has evolved that that's some kind of a defense and

15:42

it is absolutely not we

15:43

call this the naturalistic fallacy so evolution is an absolutely amoral process

15:48

it has produced the most

15:50

marvelous features of human beings and the worst features and we are in some

15:53

sense obligated to pick

15:54

and choose which features to honor and and promote and which ones to tamp down

15:59

something can have

16:00

something can have evolved as a virtue in some circumstances and still be of

16:05

the type that if

16:07

magnified beyond its proper limits becomes pathological so let me tell you

16:11

something i learned about

16:12

hitler which really i haven't recovered from my shock from this so we've been

16:17

looking at the relationship

16:18

between political belief and personality okay and your political belief is

16:22

strongly determined by your

16:23

temperament so liberal left types are high in trade openness that's creativity

16:27

and low in conscientiousness

16:29

but you can fragment conscientiousness up into industriousness and orderliness

16:33

and the real

16:34

predictor for conservatism is in orderliness not industriousness and you might

16:38

think well that's

16:38

no surprise right-wingers are more orderly hence hitler's call for order let's

16:42

say but it's one thing to

16:44

to to to posit that and another thing to measure it now it's measurable and it

16:49

appears that orderliness is

16:52

associated with sensitivity to disgust and this is actually a really big deal

16:56

it's a really big deal

16:57

so there's a paper that was published in applause one about three years ago

17:01

looking at the relationship

17:02

between the prevalence of infectious diseases and authoritarian political

17:06

attitudes and they did it

17:07

country by country and then within countries by state or province and the

17:12

correlation between the

17:13

prevalence of infectious diseases and authoritarian slash right-wing political

17:17

beliefs at the local

17:18

individual level was 0.6 and so i want to take this apart a little bit okay so

17:23

the idea is that

17:26

this is part of what you might describe as the extended behavioral immune

17:29

system and one of the problems

17:31

with the interactions between groups of human beings in our evolutionary past

17:35

was well exactly what

17:36

happened to the native americans is you know they came out and shook hands with

17:39

the spanish conquistadors

17:41

and then within a couple of generations 90 of them were dead of smallpox and

17:45

measles and mumps and so

17:47

it's been a truism in our evolutionary past that if you meet a group of

17:52

isolated if you're a group of

17:53

isolated humans and you meet another group of isolated humans and you trade

17:56

pathogens there's a real

17:58

possibility that you and everyone you know are going to be dead in no time flat

18:02

and so we have a

18:04

disgust mechanism that that produces this implicit let's call it racial racial

18:10

and ethnic bias that is

18:12

part and parcel of the human cognitive landscape but the problem with that is

18:15

that it's rooted in a

18:16

disgust mechanism that actually serves a protective function now when i was

18:20

sorting this out i was reading

18:22

hitler's table talk and hitler's table talk is a very interesting book it's a

18:26

book of his spontaneous

18:28

mealtime utterances from 1939 to 1942 and i went through with this new

18:33

knowledge because people think

18:34

of conservatives as a like or fascist as afraid of those who are different they're

18:39

not afraid they're

18:40

disgusted and that's not the same thing because you burn things you're disgusted

18:44

by and so it was

18:45

terrifying to me to read it because then i also thought oh well disgust

18:49

sensitivity is associated with

18:50

orderliness and you need order in a society in order to maintain it and the

18:54

germans are very orderly and

18:55

that was actually a canonical part of their civilization and part of actually

18:58

what makes them great and

19:00

powerful and that just had to tilt a little farther than necessary and all of a

19:04

sudden everything needed

19:06

to be get cleaned and you know hitler talked about cleanliness all the time and

19:09

he actually meant that

19:11

and so this thing that's emerging you know you talked about its biological

19:14

basis its evolutionary basis

19:16

it is it's part of this deeply rooted disgust system that protects us from

19:20

dangerous pathogens that can

19:22

manifest itself and and does manifest itself in the political realm it's not

19:26

good so he i don't know

19:29

exactly how to tease this apart but i agree with your point about there's an

19:33

actual danger when populations

19:34

meet like a literal pathogen danger and that that is liable to have produced a

19:39

certain instinctive

19:41

fear of fear of of the other which doesn't have to be limited to that one thing

19:45

but that's enough to generate

19:46

a selective force that would cause a certain reluctance um to meet but i want i

19:53

want to point out

19:54

that at least in the west and probably universally human beings when they go to

19:59

war tend to dehumanize

20:01

the other population and you know so of course uh calling the the other

20:05

population subhuman vermin whatever

20:08

it is that that human beings do and my concern is that we are doing exactly

20:12

this with the nazis or de facto

20:16

nazis who are showing up uh on uh on our screens at this point that what we are

20:21

doing is we are comforting

20:22

ourselves by saying well that's a small outbreak of something that makes these

20:26

people subhuman justifies

20:28

punching them or whatever and you know i'm not squeamish about there being a

20:32

right to violence when

20:34

somebody is threatening uh a way of life so it's not that but my concern is

20:39

that if you take the pathogen

20:42

model and you imagine that all those folks who showed up in charlottesville

20:46

that that is a contagion

20:47

and it needs to be isolated then you will have the sense that as long as you do

20:51

that it's not going

20:52

to show up somewhere else whereas what's i think the the actual hazard is that

20:59

that's actually a latent

21:01

program that has served populations in past circumstances it's indefensible but

21:06

it has served

21:07

populations and the populations that we come from have it therefore on reserve

21:12

and when certain

21:13

characteristics show up in the environment that program can emerge and so my

21:18

concern is that that's

21:19

where we are in history it can't be isolated as a phenomena that's associated

21:22

with the other right

21:24

in one of the things i've done for decades is teach my students a variant of

21:28

that which is something

21:29

like because we i try to walk them through understanding psychological

21:33

understanding of what

21:34

happened in nazi germany and in the more intense situations like in places like

21:37

in auschwitz so

21:38

the question might be well if you were in germany than the 1930s could you be a

21:42

cancer concentration camp

21:43

guard and the gut reaction to that is no those people are unlike me and that's

21:48

the wrong response

21:49

the right response is uh those people were human and i'm also human and so that

21:54

means that the nazi

21:55

is us that's what it means and so and who the hell wants to think that and no

21:59

one will think that and

22:01

i have thought that through because i thought through for a variety of reasons

22:05

what the limits of my

22:06

potential behavior are and the limits of my potential and maybe i'm more pathological

22:11

than the average

22:11

person it's certainly possible but i understand that the limits of my potential

22:15

behavior are far

22:16

beyond the bounds of what people would normally consider civilized and i think

22:19

that's characteristic

22:21

of human beings in general well i mean you know looking oh go ahead no i was

22:25

going to say i think this

22:26

is one of the things that really highlights the importance of having uncensored

22:30

discussions because

22:31

we've you've we've already hit on so many hot topics to the point where you

22:36

have to like really clarify

22:37

your position and and when you're talking about this sort of latent program in

22:42

in in human beings and the

22:44

the necessity for it at one point in time like all these things are very taboo

22:48

to discuss today and this

22:50

is a giant issue because what you guys are doing is talking about things

22:53

objectively reasonably

22:56

logically and and clearly but when you get to these sort of hysterical subjects

23:04

that's that's sort of forbidden today and there's a giant issue with that

23:08

because when you have forbidden

23:10

discussions you energize those topics and the the topics grow in the absence of

23:16

discussion in the absence

23:17

of being picked apart and analyzing them for what their core components are and

23:21

we're talking about it from

23:23

an evolutionary perspective this is very very important because these patterns

23:28

are re-emerging we do see that

23:30

and i think any one of us given the wrong neighborhood the wrong parents the

23:36

wrong life

23:37

we might have been one of those assholes with the tiki torches in charlotte i

23:40

mean it's we're human

23:41

beings like you said i think that is absolutely critical to discuss well and it's

23:46

also there's there's

23:47

another thing going on right now i've been trying to characterize the state of

23:52

the sociological and

23:54

psychological landscape that we all inhabit right now and i think we're in a

23:58

position of radical

23:59

instability and things in the future could be way better than they are right

24:04

now radically and they

24:05

could be way worse than they are and small decisions are going small the small

24:09

decisions that people make

24:10

are going to have outsized effects while they make them like look at what

24:14

happened with this guy in

24:15

charlottesville you know this was i mean i know he was surrounded by a coterie

24:20

of of deplorables let's

24:21

say but it was one guy who decided to do something murderous and that shifted

24:25

the whole political

24:26

landscape and and and so what i see happening right now is that we're

24:30

surrounded by these

24:32

interactions between people that are positive feedback loops you know and a

24:36

positive feedback

24:36

loop occurs when if you do something then it makes whatever caused that occur

24:41

even in a greater way

24:42

and the polarization is like that so i say something left-like and you say

24:45

something right-like and

24:47

that annoys me so i get more left and it annoys you and you get more right and

24:50

all of a sudden we're

24:51

at each other's throats and that's happening everywhere right it's very

24:55

unstable and what what's to be

24:57

hoped for is that we can pull back from that and discuss it we can say look you

25:02

know under circumstance

25:03

a i could have been a communist inquisitor or nazi prison guard i i need to

25:08

know that and then i need

25:09

to know what were the situations that made that likely and then i need to know

25:12

how should i conduct

25:13

myself so that's less possible and the only way we can figure that out is to

25:17

have the kind of

25:17

conversations that we're having right now it's like and this isn't them i've

25:21

been taken to task

25:22

by some of my friends for example for using the social justice warrior

25:26

terminology because they've said

25:27

to me well you know you're you're you're participating in this process of demonization

25:32

and and polarization and i think well yeah i can understand that although i'm

25:36

also like radically

25:38

concerned about the fact that the universities for example are completely taken

25:42

over by radical

25:43

marxists essentially and that they're driving this polarization and it isn't

25:47

obvious to me how to

25:48

have a discussion about that without participating in the process of

25:52

polarization it's something i've been

25:54

trying to figure out for the whole last year you know and i've made i've been

25:58

emphasizing the role of

25:59

personal responsibility instead of ideological identification right get it into

26:03

your head that

26:04

you have the capacity for great evil and stop targeting stop assuming that that's

26:09

something

26:10

that's manifesting itself only in the people that you disagree with politically

26:13

take responsibility

26:14

for that and try to put your life together i don't see an alternative to that

26:19

but it's been very

26:19

difficult to to to to avoid to do that and simultaneously to avoid becoming a

26:26

participant in this process of

26:28

polarization and it's a very dangerous process it's what destabilized germany

26:31

in the 1920s and 30s right

26:33

it was this ping-ponging back and forth between the radical left and the

26:37

radical right and your point

26:39

brett that the radical right actually is more powerful once they get organized

26:42

is a really good one because

26:44

there's no fractionation it's more stable you bet and they have all the guns

26:48

that's another thing to think about

26:49

certainly in this country the the right is much better armed and that's a very

26:54

frightening that's a

26:55

terrifying thought that you know i mean we've we've heard this many times

27:00

recently about the trump

27:02

administration about if if he's impeached uh that there will be some sort of a

27:06

civil war i believe

27:07

roger stone said that like this thought is so terrifying that we literally

27:13

cannot do anything to stop

27:16

some sort of physical confrontation with weapons if we disagree ideologically

27:23

that it's going to happen

27:24

well first of all there's a lot we can do and in fact you know one of the other

27:28

things about about

27:29

the evolutionary toolkit is that i believe we have exactly the tools for

27:34

navigating this puzzle they're

27:36

built into us also in addition to this latent program but we are now in a very

27:41

dangerous situation

27:42

because for example uh if google and other of these online goliaths start uh

27:48

deploying algorithms that

27:51

decide what we get to talk about and see then we cannot use the very tools that

27:56

are necessary

27:57

in order to escape um and avoid something like civil war which frankly open

28:01

communication and debate

28:03

analyzing all the components of this issue completely objectively exactly

28:08

taking the risks that are

28:10

necessary with that and some of the risks are that if we have free and open

28:14

communication that some

28:15

percentage of that communication is going to be reprehensible and deplorable

28:19

but that yes but

28:20

that but that the consequences of suppressing that are so much more dangerous

28:24

than the consequences of

28:25

allowing it that they're not in the same universe yes we empower those terrible

28:29

ideas by making them i mean

28:31

electronically taboo yeah and then point is they're going to fester um whereas

28:36

if we just if we discuss them

28:38

we can diffuse the ones that are terrible we can spot the opportunities that we

28:41

don't know we have and we can uh we can

28:44

move forward rather than descend into civil war which frankly looks more more

28:48

and more this issue with

28:49

with google and youtube let's say and these other gigantic internet companies

28:53

you know it isn't a

28:54

matter of if they're going to produce automated bots that do pre-perceptual

28:59

censorship they are doing

29:01

that well to explain well it's sad explain yeah well he he he tweeted the other

29:07

day that um and i knew this

29:08

was in the workings because i've been looking at what youtube and google are

29:11

planning with regards to their

29:13

artificial intelligence sensors let's say you know they want to get to the

29:17

point where

29:18

the the apo the appalling video is not even put up so what happened i hope i've

29:24

got this exactly right

29:26

but gad uh was in the process you upload a video and then you publish it and so

29:30

once you upload it

29:32

youtube has access to it and they have access to its content and they informed

29:35

him that it would be

29:36

demonetized before he published it there it is right here we put it up on the

29:40

board there you go youtube

29:42

thinks that my pointing to astounding hypocrisy is too triggering there is

29:45

nothing objectable object

29:47

objectionable in my clip unbelievable yeah and that one was a manual review so

29:51

i'm wrong about that that

29:53

they although how how in the world they decided that they were going to

29:57

manually review gad's video is

29:59

also i mean how many videos are going up on youtube what the hell why are they

30:02

manually reviewing his

30:04

and i mean gad's that is not a radical right that's the thing i mean he's an

30:08

evolutionary biologist and

30:09

that makes him a radical now it does because he's a biological essentialist

30:13

questioning what's

30:14

happening and by questioning what's happening you instantaneously get lumped

30:19

into this right-wing

30:20

hate group yeah well he's also making the claim that human beings have an

30:24

intrinsic nature and so now

30:26

there's a new buzz phrase that goes along with that and so that's that you're a

30:30

biological essentialist

30:31

and you see so if you're a radical post-modern neo-marxist your theory is human

30:35

beings can be

30:36

anything that i want to make them into it's a core doctrine of the theory and

30:40

it's part of what makes

30:41

it intensely totalitarian because then human beings are just putty for the molding

30:46

and that's part of the

30:47

the motivational drive for claiming the radical constructionist claim there's

30:51

no biological

30:52

essence well why do you make that claim well because we want to free people

30:55

from prejudice and

30:56

tyranny it's like no that's not why you make that claim you make that claim

31:00

because you want to justify

31:01

your claim that there's absolutely nothing wrong with making over humanity in

31:05

the image of your ideology

31:07

and and and that and that's that that that was a well-documented intellectual

31:11

argument that that

31:12

that wove through what happened in communist russia for example because the

31:16

claim there explicitly was

31:17

you wipe out the past there's no real biological identity you can mold the

31:22

human of the future in the

31:24

image of your perfectionistic ideology and and the the russians actually um sidelined

31:29

themselves

31:30

effectively with respect to evolutionary theory that basically they were so

31:35

backward on a biological

31:36

front that as they were deploying this uh this very broken ideological uh

31:43

toolkit they were wrecking their

31:45

ability to think about about how biology works and so what you're pointing to

31:50

about evolutionary biologists

31:52

it's not just that we question the content of evolutionary biology is

31:57

absolutely the opposite of

32:00

politically correct yes yes exactly because nobody tells the biota what's right

32:04

and what's wrong the biota

32:05

does what it does and those of us who look at it and uh attempt to understand

32:10

what those patterns are can't

32:12

help but be deeply politically incorrect almost all the time and so the idea

32:19

that the that the truth

32:21

of biology is actually going to become unexpressible and we're going to move

32:25

ahead we're just going to

32:26

we're going to uh we're going to sideline it so that we can move ahead with

32:30

this ideological stuff i mean

32:31

that is cutting off your nose that's already happening so biology is racist and

32:35

sexist you uh

32:36

well if if i might um biology and we're going to have to go back here in order

32:43

to collect a tool but

32:44

biology does create entities that have the potential for racism in them in our

32:52

genomes we carry the potential for racism for

32:56

darwinian reasons sexism is a little different right it is so i'm about to

33:02

become very politically incorrect

33:04

uh-oh um yeah i know uh-oh uh it is not possible for male genes to gang up on

33:14

female genes because

33:16

all of our genes spend half their time in male bodies and half their time in

33:20

female bodies which does not mean

33:22

that civilization is fair with respect to sex and gender but it does mean that

33:26

there's no

33:26

biological basis for the evolution of a patriarchal force that subordinates

33:33

women because whatever the

33:34

patriarchy does those who are part of the patriarchy become female in the next

33:39

iteration and they suffer the

33:40

consequences of it this is not the case with race unfortunately this is not a

33:46

good thing but it is a true thing

33:48

in a darwinian sense one population can gang up on another population and it

33:53

has happened again and

33:55

again it explains all of the worst chapters in human history and so in some

34:00

sense what i'm getting at

34:01

is that you want to understand that process and once you understand what your

34:06

genes are actually up to

34:07

and you understand that your genes their objectives in the universe are not defensible

34:12

what your genes want

34:14

cannot be defended in in rational terms then we become free to do something

34:19

else to recognize that our genes

34:21

are up to things that we don't have any reason to honor and we can we can

34:26

basically take them out of

34:28

the control position but if we imagine that what our genes are up to must be

34:33

all right and therefore

34:34

it can't include anything like racism then we're just stuck then we don't have

34:38

the tools to to diffuse racism

34:42

so one of the things that happened when i made my video so a year ago

34:46

complaining about bill c16

34:49

in canada and that was the one that instantiated transgender rights one of the

34:53

things i was pointing

34:54

to my like my comments had nothing to do with transgender rights but one of the

34:57

things i was

34:58

pointing to that was that canada had built into the law a social constructionist

35:02

version of human

35:03

identity and that's actually the case so for example now in canada it here's a

35:08

proposition which now has the

35:10

force of law there is no causal connection between biological sex gender

35:15

identity gender expression

35:17

and sexual proclivity technically it's illegal to make a claim that those

35:22

things are causally linked

35:24

and the the causal link claim is a biological claim and not only is it a

35:28

biological claim it's a factual claim

35:30

those four levels are so tightly linked causally that there's hardly any

35:34

exceptions there are exceptions

35:36

so because every almost everyone who's biological sex is male considers

35:40

themselves male manifests

35:43

themselves as male and is heterosexual so they're linked and the reason they're

35:47

linked is well there's

35:48

biological and cultural reasons but it's now in canada the proposition that

35:53

they're independent

35:55

is now law and i was pointing that saying we don't want to do that you don't

35:58

understand you've built social

35:59

constructionism into the law that means that now it's illegal to be a biologist

36:04

well and everybody said

36:06

oh no no no no that's not happening it's like don't kid yourself when you put

36:10

things in the law things

36:11

happen and we were accused not only of being nazis and that was part of the

36:15

reason that the the this this uh

36:18

talk was shut down but also of being biological essentialists and biological

36:23

essentialism is the new

36:24

buzzword for for nazi essentially so i have to go please do i want to i want to

36:29

correct you it's not

36:30

that it's illegal to be a biologist it's just illegal to be any good at it oh

36:34

yeah okay well that's even

36:37

more effective i would say so is there is there concern that putting biology as

36:43

fact

36:46

it will get in the way of civilization because we're supposed to be moving past

36:52

all of these issues

36:53

we're supposed to be moving past these things as we evolve we're supposed to be

36:57

looking people as being

36:58

free to choose whatever gender they like free to choose whatever sexual

37:03

orientation they like free

37:04

to express themselves in any way and that by defining them by purely biological

37:09

terms we're essentially relying

37:12

on the meat wagon to lead us through civilization rather than the mind that's

37:16

great that you did a

37:17

very good job of outlining the credible case against biological essentialism

37:22

and because it can deteriorate

37:23

into something like eugenics there's a real danger like a political danger on

37:27

the side of a biological

37:29

determinism but there's a danger in denying it as well because then we can't

37:33

use our rational minds to truly

37:36

mitigate whatever issues that we would have with our biological urges and that

37:41

that's the iron

37:41

of this yes that actually there is an argument to be made that we need freedom

37:48

from our biology yes

37:50

and we have the capacity to do it most creatures wouldn't but the way human

37:53

beings are constructed

37:54

we absolutely have the ability to be rational about these things and decide

37:58

which things we we want to

38:00

bring into the future but we can't do it if we don't discuss these things in

38:04

right yeah well a subset of

38:05

males are are are biologically hyper aggressive you can identify them at two

38:10

years of age and they're the

38:11

kids if you put a bunch of two-year-olds together there's a small subset they're

38:15

almost all males

38:15

about five percent of males who will kick hit bite and steal okay so that's

38:20

their biological programming

38:22

let's say but the vast majority of them are socialized by the time they're four

38:27

years old so that's

38:28

amazing yeah sure absolutely absolutely i mean it is yeah absolutely yeah and

38:32

the thing about about

38:34

boys like that is that if you socialize them properly it's quite a bit of work

38:38

because they're very

38:39

combative my son was like that and if you socialize them properly then they can

38:44

become unbelievably useful

38:46

they're courageous they're forthright they're they're you know they're they're

38:49

they're not going

38:50

to back down from a challenge there's all sorts of massive utility in that and

38:53

that's this proper

38:54

interplay between the biological circuitry and the socialization but you know

38:58

and with with james

39:00

demore's memo you know he he was he's been accused of taking a biological

39:05

essentialist route which is not

39:07

true one of the things james said is look there's credible evidence that there

39:12

are biologically

39:13

mediated differences between men and women at the level of temperament and

39:16

interest that are actually

39:18

large and profound and i would say the science on that is sufficiently settled

39:23

so that someone can come

39:24

out and say that's scientifically credible now that doesn't mean it's right

39:28

because the scientists could be wrong

39:30

but what you can't say is that what james demore said was scientifically uninformed

39:35

it was scientifically informed but he also said look let's make the assumption

39:40

i'm paraphrasing

39:41

slightly but let's make the assumption that we want to as a society we want to

39:44

extract

39:45

maximum useful economic value from talented people so one of the things we want

39:51

to do is if some of those people are women and some of them are men

39:53

we want to understand the actual differences between women and men so that we

39:57

can set up the workplace

39:58

so that both women and men can contribute to the maximum economically so that

40:02

they can benefit as

40:03

individuals and everybody can benefit socially so you can use the biological so

40:08

i mean for example one of

40:10

the thing here's here's a biological problem on average women are more agreeable

40:14

than men and i think

40:15

that's because agreeable people are they're self-sacrificing and i think as a

40:19

woman you need to be wired to be

40:21

self-sacrificing or you won't be able to tolerate taking care of infants that's

40:25

my sense of it

40:26

okay now there's some problems with that it's like let's say that a huge part

40:29

of female wiring is is

40:31

tilted in the direction of the necessity of self-sacrifice for infant care okay

40:35

that doesn't equip

40:36

women very well for dealing with with aggressive men because aggressive men and

40:40

infants are not the

40:41

same creatures so women play a pay a price be being optimized to some degree

40:47

for infant care they pay

40:48

a price that they're less uh what would you call prepared that's one way of

40:52

thinking about it

40:53

indeed with dealing with hyper aggressive and competitive men well one of the

40:58

consequences of

40:59

that is that agreeable people don't make as much money and the reason for that

41:03

is to make money you

41:04

actually have to be disagreeable because you have to go to your boss and say

41:07

give me some bloody money

41:09

or something you don't like will happen to you you have to like i'll leave you

41:12

have to be able to

41:13

fight for an idea too yeah but so there's something that this is a perfect test

41:18

case so biologically

41:20

speaking there's a very good reason for certain kinds of wisdom to be biased in

41:25

the direction of

41:26

manifesting uh in females females because they have the capacity to have fewer

41:32

offspring in a lifetime

41:34

than males uh are uh obligated as you say to um to care in a particular way and

41:40

the fact that

41:42

care in human beings takes so many years has resulted in menopause emerging and

41:47

menopause

41:48

essentially when a woman is done producing new offspring her interests in uh

41:53

her evolutionary

41:54

interests which in this case i think are honorable become synonymous with the

41:59

lineage the population

42:00

because her offspring will either do well or do poorly based on the population

42:05

that they're in so

42:07

women have a kind of farsightedness about lineage and i don't think this has

42:11

anything to do with human

42:12

women actually this is a trait that we can see in females of other species so

42:18

it's an ancient thing

42:19

whereas males are high variance that is to say a male can have many offspring

42:25

in a lifetime many males have

42:26

no offspring in a lifetime and that high variance means that to the extent that

42:30

there's wisdom that

42:31

surrounds risk-taking that has traveled historically uh along the male path now

42:37

in modern times there's no

42:39

reason that we can't look at these two kinds of wisdom and democratize them

42:43

both right the fact is

42:46

there's no reason if you're born female that you can't tune into what has

42:50

historically been uh male

42:52

biased wisdom and take advantage of that and we should be encouraging this

42:55

there's no reason that

42:56

people have to continue the problem is is that we can't actually have a a

43:00

reasonable discussion about

43:01

it because you know the discussion is often forestalled by the claim that well

43:04

men and women are exactly

43:06

the same it's like it's that's not a helpful discussion and you know with the

43:09

agreeableness issue i don't

43:10

know exactly what should be done about that but one of the consequences of it

43:14

is is that

43:14

there's many reasons why why the pay there's pay differential between men and

43:19

women and the issue

43:20

itself is very complex but we do know that agreeable people overall make less

43:24

money in the same positions

43:26

and it's because they don't negotiate on their own behalf very well now it's

43:29

conceivable that you could

43:30

have an intelligent public policy or corporate policy discussion about what to

43:35

do about that like maybe

43:36

maybe the rule is something like um you review male salaries once a year and

43:42

female salaries every eight

43:43

months or something like that you know and i'm not saying that's a good idea i'm

43:46

not saying that i'm

43:47

saying that if you if you take the facts on the ground into account there are

43:52

ways that you might be

43:53

able to use them so that you could and i'm not going to say level the playing

43:56

field because i think

43:57

that's an appalling phrase but maximize the possibility of economic

44:01

contribution across the genders which is

44:03

obviously in everyone's best interest but we're not going to do that when when

44:07

someone like james

44:08

damore comes out and he's no scientist you know well he has some scientific

44:11

training but that wasn't

44:12

his primary field of of expertise he came out and did a pretty credible job of

44:16

summarizing the literature

44:18

he did it because he had been subject to mandatory diversity training and was

44:23

asked to produce a

44:24

response he didn't do it so it would go viral within the company or become

44:28

public and because he expressed

44:29

his opinion let's say imperfectly he got fired it's like that's not good man

44:34

that's not that's not a

44:36

good pathway well it also wasn't good that his stuff was being republished

44:40

without citations that people

44:42

were were publishing it without the scientific papers that were sort of affirming

44:47

what some of the things

44:48

that he was saying i couldn't make heads or tails of it until i saw his

44:51

original version yeah well that and

44:53

that that goes back to the the point i was making earlier about this being this

44:58

is an unstable time

44:59

where people's individual ethical choices in some circumstances will have

45:03

effects far beyond the local

45:05

it's like those journalists who jumped on the story did it either badly you

45:11

know because they were

45:13

incompetent or they did it maliciously right and that and and so now we could

45:18

say let's say things go really

45:20

badly in the next year well then each of those journalists might be able to sit

45:24

at home and say

45:25

hey i played a causal role in bringing about this state of murderous collapse

45:31

because of my little

45:32

ethical my ethical lapse when i was covering the james demore memo you know

45:36

because of my own laziness and

45:38

ideological rigidity i was willing to play fast and loose with the truth and

45:41

now i've played a major

45:43

causal role in you know pushing everything towards a state of chaos it's like

45:46

people have better be on their

45:47

toes because we're in a situation that's radically unstable and so it's time it's

45:52

it's a really good

45:54

time for everybody to be very careful about what they write and say and about

45:58

their motives for for

45:59

tarring and feathering the opposition that's another way of another thing that

46:02

we have to be very careful

46:03

about it's just very bizarre how quick people are to call someone a racist

46:08

today i mean i've never seen

46:10

anything like it in all my years it's it's a strange time you know uh i got

46:14

into it yesterday just i got

46:16

bored and i started trolling with peppy the frog i started putting up the frog

46:20

like with rainbow saying

46:22

this seems like a frog that's really into gay rights like here's a frog that uh

46:26

holding a lemon with a tart

46:28

face like this is a frog that ate a lemon and he's reacting to it like how is

46:32

this all racist like how is

46:34

this like anyone it's not like all these people that are creating this frog are

46:38

coordinating anyone

46:40

can make a meme with the frog and like a lot of the original feels good man uh

46:44

cartoons that the

46:46

guy created they those are applicable too they're silly a lot of them are

46:50

really silly well i think a

46:51

lot of it was an intentional troll yes so i i read a story about kekistan you

46:57

know i was looking into it

46:58

trying to figure out if it was really you know the menace to humanity that

47:03

everybody claims it is and

47:04

the story was preposterous it was a you know it's a a magical place where where

47:10

anti-semites and jews

47:12

and atheists and religious people live in harmony which is like that's hard to

47:17

even parse it's designed

47:19

to to cause your mind to throw in error yeah well and that is what so i i think

47:24

this is an excellent

47:25

thing to talk about because i've been because i've been let's say identified

47:30

under many circumstances

47:31

now with the alt-right i've been doing every bit of investigation i can into

47:36

its many manifestations

47:38

it's a very confusing place it's certainly not an organized place and exactly

47:42

what it is is by no

47:43

means obvious and the kekistan issue is a good case in point because mostly

47:47

that's that's like a satirical realm

47:50

where where where i don't know what it is it's like it's defensive humor in

47:56

some sense like let me give

47:58

you an example i gave my father a kakistani flag about three weeks ago and

48:02

three weeks ago and and he

48:03

why did you do that well because he's been following what's happening to me

48:07

online you know and and a lot

48:09

and i got associated with the frog in a major way and it's a crazy story and i

48:13

won't go into it but i wore a

48:15

frog hat on one of my videos that an indian carver a native american carver had

48:19

given me and he had told

48:21

me that the frog was in their culture a harbinger of environmental instability

48:26

because if the water's

48:27

polluted at all the frogs die first so the frog is that is the the frog is the

48:31

creature in their

48:32

mythology that warns the society that things are out of kilter it's the canary

48:36

in the coal mine it's the

48:37

canary in the coal mine so i wore this frog hat and i made this video about

48:41

things being unstable

48:43

and i'd been identified with kermit because my voice sort of sounds like kermit

48:46

the frog and it

48:47

actually does so i've been making jokes about that and so then i made this

48:50

video with this frog hat and

48:52

the frog that my carver friend made actually had red lips and then i made the

48:56

video and as soon as i

48:57

posted it people said that's pepe and i thought i just about fainted literally

49:01

because it never occurred

49:02

to me that that was a connection so anyways i've been tangled in with this frog

49:06

thing in this most

49:07

absolutely insane and surreal manner but i've been so and that got me into the

49:11

kakistani thing and

49:13

a lot of the people that i'm trying to address online are young men who are

49:17

pushed i would say

49:19

in a right-leaning direction by the movement of the radical left alienating and

49:23

then they're thinking

49:24

well i'm certainly not that right well then what am i well maybe i'm the

49:28

opposite of that well is the

49:30

opposite of the radical left the alt-right or is there a better opposite is

49:33

there a different

49:34

opposite that people could flee to and that's what well partly that's what i'm

49:37

trying to figure out

49:38

but but does it have to be opposite couldn't it just be different well that's

49:42

the thing it's like

49:43

opposition is a real issue with people right like what you were talking about

49:46

before when people just

49:48

ramp up their positions and get more ideologically based and they're doing it

49:51

as a reaction to the

49:52

other side instead of just being who they are instead of having some sort of a

49:56

personal sovereignty

49:58

they're literally reacting to the opposite side and changing who they are so

50:02

okay so what i've been

50:03

trying to do with my videos and and and and i think this is part of the reason

50:07

that they've become so

50:08

popular in fact i'm certain of it is that i've been trying to agitate for the

50:13

adoption of that personal

50:14

responsibility as an alternative to political ideology it's like get your act

50:19

together have a vision

50:21

straighten out your life say what you think you know stay away from the

50:26

ideological idiocies and

50:27

simplicity and oversimplifications and try to put yourself together because i

50:31

think that i do believe

50:33

at the most fundamental level and i think this is the remarkable realization of

50:37

western civilization is

50:39

that the well-developed individual is the antidote to the tyranny of society

50:44

and biology

50:45

i think that's our great discovery in the west it's not like other cultures

50:49

haven't had that idea in

50:51

nascent form but it's been hyper developed in the west and i think it's right

50:54

and so we abandon that

50:57

that that pathway of divine individuality and revert to ideological

51:01

identification of race or sex we're

51:03

going to tear each other apart and i think part of the reason we're motivated

51:06

to do that joe is because

51:09

many people don't want to bear the responsibility of developing themselves as

51:13

individuals so they'll

51:13

they'll shuffle off the responsibility and if that means that you know we're

51:17

dancing in the streets

51:18

because everything's on fire that'll be just fine and that's another thing that's

51:22

adding to the

51:22

terrible danger that we're in right now so i think you're right and i think

51:26

that personal auditing

51:28

program that you you're a part of is gigantic and people look at it as being

51:32

separate from all these

51:34

issues that we're dealing with culturally but i don't think it is i think you're

51:37

absolutely right

51:38

and i think that there is a real lack of struggle and understanding of struggle

51:45

with a lot of people

51:45

today not necessarily struggle financially but i mean like physical struggle

51:50

spiritual struggle

51:52

understanding that you have to overcome difficult issues to really understand

51:58

the true potential of

52:00

your mind and your body you have to not only overcome them but you have to seek

52:04

them out voluntarily and

52:05

and and what would you say exult in the fact that they exist right yes and that's

52:09

part of bearing

52:10

the burden of being it's like being is a tragic state human being is a tragic

52:15

state so you can shrink

52:16

from that but if you shrink from that the suffering increases and intensifies

52:20

and you become resentful

52:21

and malevolent yes the alternative is to move forward courageously that's the

52:25

dragon motif right that's the

52:26

hero myth essentially and that is the pathway forward as far as i'm concerned

52:30

well i think it also has

52:32

implications you know you're talking about it at the level of what is best for

52:36

the individual but we also

52:37

have a problem which is that these collectivist movements whether they are you

52:42

know white nationalists

52:43

on the right or social justice warriors on the left they cannot see forward and

52:50

what is missing is that

52:51

actually the mechanism that allows us to discover new ways involves individuals

52:57

who are capable of thinking

52:59

independently and if you have multiple individuals who think independently

53:03

about related matters then they

53:06

can pull that stuff but if what we do is we force everybody to sign up for the

53:11

same things that we all

53:12

agree are true there's no way of discovering what we don't yet know because

53:16

every great idea starts with a minority of one

53:19

so we have to have the freedom to be the only person who believes something and

53:24

then to compel others that

53:25

it's somewhere in the right neighborhood and for others to pick up that mantle

53:29

and so by subordinating

53:30

that's exactly why i you know i mean free speech has become an ideological

53:34

issue and increasingly identified

53:36

with but with the right and which is horrible it's horrifying but the the right

53:40

justification for free

53:41

speech is what you just laid out which is that in order for like the collective

53:46

is is a group of what's

53:48

already known by definition we inhabit the collective and that's what's already

53:52

known what we can agree on

53:53

but the problem with that is that what we can agree on what's already known isn't

53:57

sufficient we still have

53:58

problems so people have to be out at the fringes on the border between chaos

54:02

and order where they

54:03

discover new things and communicate it back to the collective which free speech

54:07

does that that's the

54:08

mechanism this is this is also a deep evolutionary truth which is that all of

54:13

the innovations that allow

54:15

whether we're talking about one creature learning to do some new trick that

54:19

gives rise to a bunch of

54:20

species that do the same trick or whether we're talking about populations

54:24

discovering a new way to

54:25

live uh on earth all of these things proceed from the fringe right the people

54:31

at the center for whom

54:33

things are working best aren't going to be the ones to innovate the new way it's

54:37

people for whom things

54:38

are not quite working that are going to innovate new ways and that that's also

54:42

true for a population of

54:43

frogs or birds or plants or whatever the ones that are not well situated are

54:47

the ones where an experiment

54:49

can pay off that's why hans eisink he psychologist wrote a good book called

54:53

genius and he was interested

54:55

in what predicted high levels of creative success and some of it's what you'd

54:59

expect iq is one of them

55:00

and creative temperament is another but losing a parent before the age of 10

55:05

was a nice predictor

55:06

and you know people think about creativity as if it's all sweetness and light

55:09

it's like no bloody way man

55:11

if you're going to be creative it's because you're tormented by a problem right

55:15

and so if you're not in a

55:16

position to be tormented by a problem you're not going to put in the time and

55:18

effort and take the

55:19

risk necessarily necessary to be creative so but you know i'm i've been trying

55:24

to understand the

55:26

evolutionary landscape out of which our most fundamental religious convictions

55:30

emerge and

55:31

the idea that it is by definition the individual that innovates and that by

55:35

definition therefore it's

55:37

the individual that's the savior of the collective i mean it's hard to it's

55:41

hard to imagine how you could

55:42

find a biological restatement of an essential christian presupposition that was

55:47

more mapped

55:48

one-to-one than that now you could say well that's not unique to christianity i

55:51

see the same thing in

55:52

the judae in the jewish uh antithesis between the prophetic tradition the

55:57

prophet and the tradition

55:59

because the prophet is always the lone voice right that comes out it happens

56:03

over and over in the old

56:04

testament a lone voice comes out and challenges the king and says look you know

56:08

you're you're a blind tyrant

56:10

and nature is moving away from us and preparing her revenge and you better

56:14

watch the hell out because

56:15

you're violating the intrinsic moral norms and you're going to pay for it that

56:18

happens over and over

56:19

and maybe there are 50 of them and the one that gets recorded is the one that

56:23

happened to be closest

56:24

to right because that's the population that gets through the bottleneck and so

56:28

you know what we have is

56:29

sort of evolution authoring uh these uh texts in a way um yes well that's that's

56:36

that's a claim that

56:37

i'm very uh what would you call uh um that that's something i believe to be

56:42

fundamentally true and i

56:44

mean i i've started i started see because i'm interested in this idea of

56:47

strengthening the individual

56:48

that's and when i when i wrote my first book maps of meaning it was about

56:52

ideological conflict

56:54

and it was about whether or not there was any alternative to ideological

56:58

conflict because you

56:58

could make a case that there isn't there's right and there's left and there's a

57:02

war right but there

57:02

is a third way and i think that is the way of the heroic individual and i mean

57:06

that technically

57:07

and that that involves the development of individual characters so that you can

57:13

say what it is that you

57:14

think that you can articulate your experience properly and that you can bring

57:18

what it is that's unique to

57:19

you into the collective landscape and that's what updates the collective

57:23

landscape it's absolutely vital

57:24

and so i started doing these biblical lectures i have done 12 of them now

57:29

walking through genesis and

57:30

what i'm trying to do because i believe that the bible is the documentation of

57:34

the emergence of the

57:35

idea of the divine individual that's essentially what it is and we we we have a

57:39

very uneasy relationship

57:41

with that collection of texts now because they we read them as if they're

57:45

making claims about the

57:47

objective nature of the world and those claims seem to be false from a

57:50

scientific perspective i don't

57:52

believe that those are the claims that were made to begin with so i think it's

57:55

a non-starter

57:55

but i've been trying to lecture about the stories in genesis for example in a

57:59

manner that makes them

58:00

accessible to people who are well to athe who to atheists let's say and many

58:05

many atheists have

58:06

been responding very positively to them i have people in my youtube comments

58:09

now that are calling

58:10

themselves christian atheists because they can understand they understand what

58:15

it is i'm i'm describing

58:16

this idea that's emerged in the west that consciousness is the mediator between

58:22

chaos and order and

58:23

the and the and the and the generating the phenomena that generates experience

58:28

and that and that you can

58:30

think about that as as a as a divine category of of existence and i've been

58:35

trying to delineate how

58:37

how the biblical stories lay out the pathway by which the divine individual

58:44

should manifest him or

58:45

herself in time because that is what it is and i and i i i've i've been

58:50

studying for example the

58:52

abrahamic stories which i didn't know well and the abrahamic stories are really

58:56

interesting i mean

58:57

abraham is called by god and when abraham is called by god he's old he's like

59:02

one of these guys who's 40

59:03

years old and has stayed in his mother's basement that's that's abraham it's a

59:07

little late for abraham to

59:09

be getting the hell out there in the world and god basically says to him leave

59:12

your family and your

59:13

friends and your place of comfort and journey into the land of the stranger

59:16

that's the call to

59:17

adventure and so abraham does that now he's chosen by god you think well

59:20

everything goes well for

59:21

abraham that isn't what happens at all the first thing he encounters is a

59:24

famine and to escape that

59:26

he flees into the tyranny of egypt where they try to steal his wife it's like

59:30

beware of being called

59:31

by god you know you'd think it'd be all sweetness and and light after that it's

59:35

not that at all and it's

59:36

a very realistic story it's like get the hell out of where you're safe into

59:39

what you don't know

59:41

what are you going to find there well your fortune no you're going to find the

59:45

catastrophes of life

59:46

but if you keep yourself morally oriented and you make the right sacrifices

59:50

which is the the abrahamic

59:52

story to a t then you can transcend the catastrophe of being and prevail i mean

59:59

it's who the hell doesn't

1:00:00

want to hear that so we're treading kind of close to the uh the argument you

1:00:07

got into with sam harris

1:00:08

about uh the nature of truth and and since i heard that i've been sort of itching

1:00:14

to have this

1:00:14

conversation with you because i think there's a uh a way of viewing this that

1:00:19

will actually

1:00:21

um perhaps reconcile the two points of view but there's a bitter pill that

1:00:25

comes along with it

1:00:26

so here's here's my argument um

1:00:30

we tend to think of intellect has evolved as having evolved because knowing

1:00:38

what's true gives

1:00:39

you an advantage but there's actually nothing that says that the literal truth

1:00:43

is where advantage lies

1:00:44

and so i have a category that i call literally false metaphorically true these

1:00:50

are ideas that aren't true

1:00:52

in the factual sense but they are true enough that if you behave as if they

1:00:56

were true you come out ahead

1:00:57

of where you would be if you behaved according to the fact that they're not

1:01:01

true so let me give you

1:01:02

a couple of trivial examples that won't be controversial porcupines can throw

1:01:07

their quills

1:01:08

not true however if you live near porcupines and you imagine that porcupines

1:01:15

can throw their quills you'll

1:01:17

give them some space if you don't you may realizing that they can't throw their

1:01:22

quills get really close

1:01:23

to one and it may wheel around and nail you with a porcupine quill which can be

1:01:27

extremely dangerous

1:01:28

because they are microscopically designed to move in from where they puncture

1:01:32

you over time and they

1:01:33

can puncture a vital organ or you can get an infection so the person who

1:01:37

believes that a

1:01:38

porcupine can throw their quills has an advantage that isn't predicated on the

1:01:41

fact that this is actually

1:01:43

a literal truth right another one might be people say everything happens for a

1:01:49

reason right well unless

1:01:52

you're talking about physics as the reason everything doesn't happen for a

1:01:55

reason however if you are the

1:01:57

kind of person who believes that everything happens for a reason and then some

1:02:01

terrible tragedy befalls

1:02:03

you you may be on the lookout well what's the reason that this happened maybe

1:02:06

it's supposed to open

1:02:07

some opportunity and you won't miss that opportunity the way somebody who was

1:02:10

preoccupied with their

1:02:11

misfortune would so literal falseness but metaphorical truth is actually i

1:02:18

would argue the category under which

1:02:22

religious truth evolves now the problem the bitter pill that i mentioned

1:02:27

is that i've heard you say that the truths that are captured in the the

1:02:32

religious version of things

1:02:34

are basically like you know there's an individual truth and then there's a

1:02:40

truth of your family and

1:02:41

there's a truth of the population that you're living in and these things are

1:02:44

all encoded in these

1:02:46

these doctrines which is true and you would expect it to be because the doctrines

1:02:49

are carried along in

1:02:50

the population the problem is what i hear you arguing and you tell me if i have

1:02:56

it wrong is that we should

1:02:58

therefore expect uh the encoded metaphorical truths in these religious

1:03:04

traditions to be morally right but

1:03:09

there's nothing that actually says it will be morally right because there are

1:03:12

metaphorical truths that

1:03:14

might in fact be reprehensible but nonetheless effective and so what i would

1:03:20

argue the overarching

1:03:22

point here would be that you're right that the documents that contain these

1:03:27

descriptions of things are full

1:03:30

of things that are true in some sense that is not literal scientific truth nor

1:03:34

was that their their purpose

1:03:35

what isn't true is that those things are inherently up to date um and see i

1:03:42

would okay i mean first of all

1:03:45

the first thing about that is that a discussion like that and this is also what

1:03:49

happened with sam harris

1:03:50

takes me to the very limits of my intellectual ability and so even in

1:03:54

discussing it i'm going to make all

1:03:56

sorts of mistakes because because it's treacherous territory but i would say my

1:04:02

understanding of the

1:04:03

great myths has that observation built into it so one of the archetypes is that

1:04:09

of the of the tyrannical

1:04:11

father which is the archetype by the way that possesses the minds of people who

1:04:15

accuse western society of

1:04:16

being patriarchal they're possessed by a singular archetype and that's the

1:04:19

archetype of the tyrannical

1:04:20

father they don't see that there's a tyrannical father and a wise king because

1:04:25

there is that's that's

1:04:27

you can't even point that out but anyways

1:04:29

in the in the old in some of our oldest stories there's a representation of the

1:04:36

dead past

1:04:37

so let me give you an example that everyone knows about

1:04:40

the story of pinocchio is the story of the individualization of pinocchio he

1:04:45

starts out as a

1:04:46

puppet he's a marionette he's a wooden head he's a liar and he's pulled by

1:04:51

forces that he does not

1:04:52

understand right okay so but he has a good father that's geppetto and so he's

1:04:57

got a good and geppetto

1:04:58

wishes that he becomes a real individual and so and he knows that that's an

1:05:02

impossible wish he wishes on a

1:05:04

star that his son could become an actual individual knowing full well that that's

1:05:07

unlikely and impossible

1:05:08

so geppetto's a good king so but the story is also about geppetto because what

1:05:13

happens is that when

1:05:14

geppetto loses pinocchio loses his son which what you could think about as the

1:05:18

active dynamic attentive

1:05:19

force of youth then he ends up stultified in the belly of a whale which is a

1:05:23

symbol of chaos at the

1:05:25

bottom of the ocean and then pinocchio has to rescue him so i would say there

1:05:29

is an instantiation of

1:05:31

evolutionarily accumulated wisdom in the great stories of the past but they're

1:05:36

still dead and it

1:05:38

requires the union this is why in christian theology the the godhead has a tripartite

1:05:45

structure this is

1:05:45

part of the reason there's god the father but the father's dead the father was

1:05:49

right a hundred years

1:05:50

ago or a thousand years ago and is still partly right but he's dead he can't

1:05:54

participate in the

1:05:55

updating of the process so you need an active force now the active force is the

1:05:59

same thing that

1:06:00

generated those stories across time right so it's it's the same thing except it's

1:06:05

also alive in the

1:06:06

present and so your moral duty and this is another thing that happens in in pinocchio

1:06:10

is to rescue

1:06:11

your dead father from the belly of the whale and that's partly what i'm trying

1:06:14

to do with these biblical

1:06:15

lectures because your objection is correct the reason it's correct is because

1:06:20

even if the solution was

1:06:22

correct the landscape has changed and it's changed incrementally or in a

1:06:27

revolutionary way we don't

1:06:28

know and so those old truths are at best partial and at worst blind but that

1:06:34

doesn't mean you can just

1:06:35

say like like mao did during the cultural revolution well let's just destroy

1:06:39

the past it's like no that

1:06:41

would be like saying well you don't need a body anymore because your body is

1:06:44

the collected wisdom

1:06:45

of the evolutionary process across three and a half billion years i absolutely

1:06:49

agree because the stories

1:06:50

are not literal it's impossible to know whether they well not impossible but

1:06:54

very difficult to know

1:06:56

whether or not the truth that is contained metaphorically is still relevant if

1:06:59

it's been

1:07:00

inverted and it's now absolutely false or uh so carl jung talked about this a

1:07:04

lot hey and and one of the

1:07:06

things he said was that your moral duty is to realize the archetype in the in

1:07:10

the confines of your own

1:07:11

life and so you say well there's an archetype of perfection that pervades the

1:07:16

west and for the for the sake

1:07:18

of argument i'm going to call that christ the christ image it's something like

1:07:21

that that's the archetypal image

1:07:23

now we have a story about what christ's historical life was like well well well

1:07:29

you can't have that life

1:07:31

because you would have had to be in the middle east 2000 years ago that's not

1:07:35

your life but what you can

1:07:37

do is take the archetype and you can manifest it within the confines of your

1:07:41

own life and what that

1:07:42

does is force you to undergo the difficult process of updating the ancient

1:07:46

wisdom and you don't just

1:07:48

forego it you can't or you can but you'll pay a massive price and part of that

1:07:52

will be social

1:07:53

disintegration because it's it's the the past is alive enough so that those of

1:07:59

us who inhabit its corpse

1:08:00

aren't clawing each other to death while we're feeding right that's the

1:08:05

critical issue now it's

1:08:06

not alive enough because the bloody thing could fall apart at any moment and we

1:08:09

need to be awake and alert

1:08:10

in order to keep it updated and maintained well not only that um but the the

1:08:15

greatest hazards to us in

1:08:17

the present are only partially going to be dealt with in these texts and that's

1:08:21

that's my biggest concern

1:08:22

is that you know if we take uh you know dawkins dismissing religion as mind

1:08:28

virus this is very

1:08:29

dangerous because it neglects the truth that you're talking about and it

1:08:33

prevents us from getting to a

1:08:34

conversation in which we can talk about the fact that religious texts religions

1:08:40

are not mind viruses they

1:08:42

are adaptations to past environments they do contain a kind of truth that isn't

1:08:46

necessarily literal and

1:08:48

is in general not literal but none of them no ancient religion is up to date

1:08:55

for google's algorithms

1:08:57

being the hazard to civilization that it probably is we need to figure out how

1:09:02

to navigate where the

1:09:03

ancestral wisdom is simply not up to the current challenge okay so let let me

1:09:07

modify that slightly

1:09:09

because i think it's true and not true the stories are erroneous in detail and

1:09:15

right in pattern so for

1:09:17

example there's an idea that one of the things that the mythological hero does

1:09:21

is stand up against the

1:09:22

tyranny of the state now you don't have to specify the nature of the tyranny of

1:09:26

the state in order for

1:09:28

that to be a truth that's applicable across different contexts and i would say

1:09:32

what's happened with the

1:09:33

great religious myths is that they've they operate at a level of abstraction

1:09:37

such that the the abstract

1:09:40

entities are applicable in every single environment i'll give you an example of

1:09:43

that it is extremely

1:09:46

useful to represent the phenomenology of your experience as a domain of chaos

1:09:51

and order that works in every

1:09:54

single environment for every person and so the domain of order i can describe

1:09:58

it technically you're in the

1:09:59

domain of order when your actions produce the result you desire and you're in

1:10:04

the domain of chaos when

1:10:06

they don't and then and then i could say well your task is to straddle the

1:10:10

border between those two

1:10:12

domains because you don't always want to be where everything that you're doing

1:10:15

is working because you

1:10:16

don't learn anything and you don't want to be where nothing you're doing is

1:10:19

working because it's

1:10:20

overwhelming you want to be stable and dynamic at the same point and the taoists

1:10:25

do that very nicely

1:10:26

because they have a chaos order conceptualization of the of the phenomenological

1:10:30

landscape and their claim

1:10:31

is the the point of maximum proper being is right at the center of the border

1:10:36

between chaos and order

1:10:38

and i think that's true across contexts so i don't think that truth ages some

1:10:43

of them don't but the

1:10:45

question really is one of at what point is there so much legacy code that the

1:10:51

taking the package is uh

1:10:54

is more harmful than it is beneficial and at what point are you know if god

1:11:00

were writing today i'm

1:11:02

pretty convinced the first commandment would be thou shalt not enrich uranium

1:11:06

it would make sense as the

1:11:08

number one commandment it's not there because uranium wasn't a concept at the

1:11:12

point that the thing was

1:11:13

written nor was the hazard of enriching it obvious and so the fact that it isn't

1:11:18

mentioned tends to

1:11:20

de-emphasize it as a risk and so i guess the question is is it possible i mean

1:11:26

is it possible

1:11:28

that by recognizing that these traditions carry huge amounts of ancestral

1:11:35

wisdom forward but that that

1:11:37

wisdom is certain to be so incomplete that it doesn't address modern questions

1:11:43

that we can be liberated to

1:11:46

move forward and to honor those traditions for bringing us here but to

1:11:50

recognize that we actually

1:11:52

have to move forward with something more potent and up to date which is not not

1:11:56

easy because you can't

1:11:57

just take the scientific truth of the moment and implement it a lot of it isn't

1:12:02

even right it's

1:12:04

also yeah it's also not that easy to rewrite a fairy tale you know and i'm some

1:12:07

of these fairy tales that

1:12:09

people are trying to rewrite in modern times are perhaps 15 000 years old and

1:12:12

people think well we

1:12:13

can just update that so that the modern version will be better it turns out

1:12:17

that that's very very difficult

1:12:18

and there's another i'm going to play devil's advocate against my own position

1:12:22

here you know because

1:12:22

i say well the religious texts encode profound and evolutionarily determined

1:12:27

truths that are universal

1:12:29

okay which religious texts right right because you well because and you might

1:12:34

say well all of them

1:12:35

but then that means that obscures the important differences between the

1:12:39

traditions and i'm by no means

1:12:40

certain that all of them do you know so i'm going to stick my neck way the hell

1:12:45

out because why not

1:12:47

it isn't obvious to me that islam does because i it's very difficult for me to

1:12:52

see that the totalizing

1:12:53

nature of islam doesn't make it unique among religions so now good so well

1:12:58

there's that out on the table if

1:13:00

if you don't mind but isn't the issue using the word truth because we can say

1:13:04

true we could use tradition

1:13:06

and wisdom and we're okay but as soon as we start saying truth then then we run

1:13:10

into problems i mean and

1:13:12

even when you're talking about porcupines where you're talking about what would

1:13:16

you say metaphorical

1:13:17

truth versus look it's not true it's real simple just don't go near the porcupine

1:13:21

teach the kid to

1:13:22

not go near the porcupine because porcupine quills are dangerous they get stuck

1:13:26

in you they're really

1:13:27

dangerous can they throw it at you no they cannot but just stay clear of them

1:13:31

because you don't want

1:13:32

them to somehow or another get in touch with your body there's no truth in that

1:13:36

they can throw their

1:13:37

quills at you you benefit from being particularly aware of the dangers of their

1:13:43

quills but if you tell

1:13:44

a kid that they can throw their quills and so therefore the kid stays clear of

1:13:49

them he has a faulty

1:13:50

assumption in his head you're lying to them for their own protection and i i

1:13:54

was not good i wouldn't do it

1:13:55

i think the same thing can be said of everything happens for a reason well here's

1:14:00

the problem we

1:14:00

don't know if everything happens for a reason maybe when you die you go to some

1:14:04

auditing room and

1:14:05

they go well you know it's all just a part of some gigantic algorithm that you're

1:14:09

impossible it's

1:14:10

impossible for you to understand due to your limited processing power of the

1:14:14

human brain you're dealing

1:14:15

with some simian sort of uh complex geometry that's really just designed to

1:14:21

keep your body moving and

1:14:22

keep you alive and spread your genetics so that you can eventually evolve to

1:14:25

the point when you're a god

1:14:26

well first of all i i have kids i wouldn't tell them that a porcupine i'm sure

1:14:31

you wouldn't but how

1:14:32

but why use the word truth though ah because well the question is why do people

1:14:36

tell you that a

1:14:37

porcupine can throw its quills i don't i don't think they do oh they do well if

1:14:40

they do they don't know

1:14:41

any better right or they're liars right and so all i'm saying is that actually

1:14:46

that is likely to be

1:14:47

the product of selection in other words that those people who had encoded that

1:14:52

they do throw their

1:14:53

quills have an advantage it's not the way i would do it and for exactly the

1:14:57

reason that you point out

1:14:59

which is if you give a child the wrong model of a porcupine i don't know

1:15:03

whether a porcupine is liable

1:15:05

to be the gateway to some more important question but if it were you've just

1:15:10

steered the kid wrong well

1:15:12

it's something here's part of the problem and this is part of and this is a

1:15:15

really big problem there's

1:15:16

two things i guess that that were brought up by what you described and the

1:15:20

first is the terminology

1:15:21

of truth now harris's claim with regards to my utilization of truth was that i

1:15:25

was absconding

1:15:27

with the definition of truth and in false manner but he was wrong because the

1:15:31

idea of truth is much

1:15:32

older than the idea of objective truth and the original notion of truth wasn't

1:15:36

objective true it was like

1:15:38

the arrow flies straight and true right and it meant something like reliably

1:15:43

reliably on its way to the

1:15:45

appropriate destination something like that and when christ said i am the truth

1:15:49

and the way when i

1:15:50

can't remember the other yes yes the truth he was talking about wasn't an

1:15:54

objective truth so sam's idea

1:15:56

that i had somehow you know taken the idea of truth that was actually objective

1:16:01

all along and done

1:16:02

something crooked with it is just wrong it's wrong well the truth can have

1:16:06

multiple definitions well

1:16:08

that's maybe there was that that's the issue and that's exactly what we're what

1:16:11

we're trying to get

1:16:12

at here it's like there's to me there's two kinds of truth and and they may be

1:16:17

they may be commensurate

1:16:19

you may be able to stack them on top of one another but now and then they

1:16:22

dissociate and this is

1:16:23

actually what what what brett was referring to as well so so and this is where

1:16:29

it gets so complicated

1:16:30

that i can barely manage it there's a there's the truth that manifests itself

1:16:35

in the manner in which

1:16:36

you act and there's the truth that manifests itself as a representation of the

1:16:40

objective world

1:16:41

and sometimes both those truths are stacked on top of each other and sometimes

1:16:46

they're not so like i

1:16:47

i could give you a piece of wisdom that would work well if you acted it out

1:16:51

that carried within it an

1:16:52

inaccurate representation of part of the objective world and you could say well

1:16:56

maybe that's actually

1:16:57

the case with the biblical stories because if you read them as science they don't

1:17:01

read well so let's

1:17:04

take malaria as a good example malaria the root of the word is mal area bad air

1:17:10

right malaria is not

1:17:11

transmitted by bad air it's transmitted by mosquitoes that live in places where

1:17:15

you might think the air is

1:17:16

bad so the point is it's part of the way there yeah that's that's a good one

1:17:20

and that and that also

1:17:21

gets see there's another weird distinction here and that i was trying to draw

1:17:25

with sam but it's a really

1:17:27

tricky one and we augured in because we started to talk about pragmatism but

1:17:30

there's also something

1:17:32

like the truth of a description and the truth of a tool and my sense is that

1:17:37

people's fundamental truths

1:17:39

are tool-like we use them to function properly in the world and you could say

1:17:44

well a sharp axe is more

1:17:46

true than a dull axe and actually you can use the word true in that sense that

1:17:50

actually isn't

1:17:51

appropriate appropriate use of the word there there are tool truths and there

1:17:56

are objective fact truths

1:17:58

now and in the optimal circumstance those map onto each other but we're not

1:18:02

smart enough often to make

1:18:04

them map onto each other because we just don't know enough and there are lots

1:18:07

of truths that we have

1:18:08

that portray the objective world improperly that are still true is the problem

1:18:12

using the term true when

1:18:15

sometimes you should use the term fact like like one plus one is two that is a

1:18:20

fact one plus one is two

1:18:21

is also true you throw some water on a match that is and it'll go out that's a

1:18:26

fact yes well as i see

1:18:30

it at least there is this overarching truth the one that sam harris was

1:18:34

pointing to the one i think you're

1:18:35

pointing to also and the one i'm i'm imagining we all subscribe to sure right

1:18:39

there is the testable truth that

1:18:42

reveals itself in the laboratory we're in a careful experiment in the field and

1:18:46

that really is the top

1:18:47

level truth but then there are the truths you can't speak yet so let's take um

1:18:52

the word filth from uh

1:18:54

from the old testament okay filth means shit right you're not supposed to

1:18:59

shit in camp because god finds it offensive now the problem is the germ theory

1:19:06

of disease doesn't

1:19:07

come about for thousands of years after that truth was written that truth keeps

1:19:13

you from infecting

1:19:14

people long before you can ever explain that there are microbes that grow in

1:19:18

human

1:19:18

shit that are a particular danger to your population so the point is would you

1:19:22

rather be held back to

1:19:24

the place where you can actually describe the the literal underpinnings of what's

1:19:29

going on

1:19:29

or do you want to be liberated to say something that actually results in uh an

1:19:34

improvement in health

1:19:35

before you know literally thousands of years before anybody had any idea that

1:19:40

it was microbes at the

1:19:41

root of this yes and you need to figure out so so an elaboration of that would

1:19:44

be something like

1:19:46

human beings needed to figure out how to act without dying before they could

1:19:49

understand the nature of

1:19:50

the world well enough to justify that right and something like that you'd be

1:19:54

crazy now that we do have

1:19:55

the germ theory of disease to to amplify that original crude version of the

1:20:01

truth or that crude

1:20:03

approximation of what you need to believe in order to behave uh safely there's

1:20:08

no reason for that truth to

1:20:10

to be promoted in fact you don't hear people describing this part of uh the the

1:20:15

old testament

1:20:15

anymore because it's true it's not relevant right right and this is probably

1:20:18

all why dietary

1:20:19

restrictions were in the old testament as well shellfish red tide uh eating

1:20:24

pigs trichinosis there's

1:20:26

a lot of a lot of issues that go along with that yeah well there is some intermingling

1:20:30

perhaps of

1:20:30

hygienic concerns with also the desire for the groups to distinguish themselves

1:20:34

from other groups

1:20:35

right because you can you can unite your group quite tightly by dietary

1:20:39

restrictions

1:20:40

so um back to your point about terminology you know we could we could do

1:20:44

something like fact and wisdom

1:20:46

you know you say truth that's the overarching category and then that divides

1:20:51

into fact and wisdom

1:20:52

and what you want optimally is you want the facts and the wisdom to be one one

1:20:56

to one but often they're

1:20:57

not and if you find wisdom where the facts aren't laid right out you don't just

1:21:02

get to throw away the

1:21:03

wisdom which is what i think happens in the case of people like dawkins and harrison

1:21:06

harris makes another

1:21:07

slight of hand move which i don't like which is that he thinks so let's say

1:21:11

except for just a second the wisdom fact distinction he would say well the fact

1:21:17

is the

1:21:17

thing and the wisdom is a second order derivation of that you can ground the

1:21:21

wisdom in the fact

1:21:22

and i don't believe that and i don't think that he has any i don't think that

1:21:25

he has any real

1:21:26

justification for that claim and this is something i never got what do you mean

1:21:30

by grounding the

1:21:31

wisdom in the fact he thinks if you know the facts clearly enough you'll know

1:21:34

how to act

1:21:35

well that's not necessarily true well well there's a huge there's ways to act

1:21:39

that are within your best

1:21:40

interest and then there's ways to act that are within the the interest of all

1:21:43

the people around

1:21:44

you they may might not serve you that well well there's also a distinction is

1:21:48

where ethics come

1:21:49

right or where the consequences are delayed for some number of generations or

1:21:53

something like that

1:21:53

yes well that's a big problem and right so so sam acts as if the process of mac

1:21:59

mapping facts onto

1:22:00

action is simple if we just got the facts right but but it's the weakest part

1:22:04

of his argument and we

1:22:06

never ever got to that for a variety of reasons but part of the reason it's

1:22:09

weak is okay well there's

1:22:11

like an infinite number of facts man which so let's say you're standing in

1:22:15

front of a field and you're

1:22:16

looking at the field the field does not tell you how to walk through it there's

1:22:20

a million ways through

1:22:22

the field and no matter how many facts about the field you aggregate you're not

1:22:26

going to be able to

1:22:26

determine the appropriate path by aggregating those facts so it's that's and

1:22:30

that that's a problem that

1:22:32

i don't think sam is willing to take seriously and well well i think there are

1:22:37

two problems tangled up

1:22:39

here one of them is there's a question of are is one individual supposed to

1:22:45

have all of the facts and

1:22:47

navigate based on on that sort of the rationality community version of things

1:22:52

or um does you know the

1:22:54

practical truth is we can't all be experts in everything and so we have to go

1:22:58

along with

1:22:58

you know guides to our behavior that are approximate and that that's inherent

1:23:03

and then there's a question

1:23:04

about civilization civilization should be guided by our best understanding of

1:23:09

what's actually true

1:23:10

but with an understanding that we don't have a complete map of a lot of stuff

1:23:16

and so i think what

1:23:17

you're pointing at is that there is wisdom that has been handed to us that is

1:23:21

not such that we can

1:23:22

just simply say oh here's the nugget at the center of it and we need to

1:23:26

preserve that thing because we

1:23:27

don't necessarily know what it's doing um which is you know that's this is

1:23:31

dangerous because some of

1:23:33

what it's doing may not be acceptable well and think about let's look at the

1:23:37

wisdom end of things for

1:23:37

a minute and you talked you alluded a little earlier to like iterations and and

1:23:42

and about the fact that

1:23:43

things are iterated across time and that something that works now might fail

1:23:46

dreadfully in a month or

1:23:47

two months so so here's here's what something has to be like to be wise let's

1:23:53

say well first of all um let's

1:23:55

say it would be good if it was in accordance with the facts but we'll leave

1:23:58

that aside for now

1:23:59

it has to work if you operate according to the wisdom principle whatever it is

1:24:05

it has to work in

1:24:06

the world but then it has to work in a world that allows you to maintain your

1:24:10

relationships with

1:24:11

people in the world right so so it's all of a sudden this wisdom thing is

1:24:14

something that's not

1:24:15

only constrained by let's call it objective reality but it's constrained by the

1:24:19

necessity of a social

1:24:21

contract a functional social contract so you're only able to you're only

1:24:25

allowed to put forward

1:24:27

actions in the world that would be of benefit to you if they simultaneously don't

1:24:31

undermine the

1:24:32

structure within which you live okay and then there's a game theory element to

1:24:36

that which is

1:24:37

well if it's wise then it works in the world so that'd be the constraint of

1:24:41

objective reality

1:24:41

but then it works for you now and the you that'll be in a week and the you that'll

1:24:46

be in a month and

1:24:47

it works for you and your family and it works for you and your family and

1:24:51

society and it works in a

1:24:52

way that those things all line up to be iterated across time and so this this

1:24:56

is actually the also the

1:24:58

solution is for and i'd really like to hear what you think about this i think

1:25:01

this is the solution to

1:25:02

the post-modern conundrum because the post-modernists bless their heart so we'll

1:25:06

give the devil his due

1:25:08

say well the problem is there's an infinite number of interpretations of a

1:25:12

finite set of facts

1:25:13

and the right response to that is oh that's true that's true that's not good

1:25:21

and that's why the

1:25:21

post-modernists say well you can't agree on a canonical interpretation of a

1:25:24

great piece of literature

1:25:26

because the number of potential interpretations are infinite and so then they

1:25:29

say well why should we

1:25:30

settle on any one interpretation then why should we privilege one over another

1:25:34

and then they say well

1:25:34

that's all power games and so that's a you got to take that seriously but what

1:25:38

they missed and this

1:25:40

is a big deal it's a big deal i think is this idea of of ethical constraint it's

1:25:44

like yes there's a

1:25:45

landscape of potentially infinite interpretations but hardly any of them will

1:25:50

work in the real world

1:25:51

and hardly any of them will work in the real world in a way that doesn't get

1:25:54

you killed by other people

1:25:56

or doom you because of your own stupidity to failure across time and so the

1:26:01

landscape of interpretation

1:26:03

is almost infinite but the landscape of applicable interpretation functional

1:26:07

interpretation is

1:26:09

unbelievably constrained and i think that constraint system is what we regard

1:26:12

as ethics it's something

1:26:14

like that well at some level um stories continue through time for a reason you

1:26:20

know good stories

1:26:21

continue for a long you know the odyssey is with us for some reason and we so

1:26:25

there is a scientific

1:26:26

reason or scientifically investigatable reason why the odyssey has been durable

1:26:31

um we may not know it

1:26:33

but it's in principle it's a question you could investigate um so i guess at

1:26:38

the at the end of the day

1:26:39

the problem with the post-modernists is that they have a point the point is

1:26:42

perception gets in the way

1:26:44

of anything we wish to do objectively but that point only takes you so far and

1:26:48

uh that's why they turn

1:26:50

to marxism as far as i can tell because what happens with the post-modernists

1:26:54

is they say oh there's

1:26:55

an infinite number of interpretations and then the human part of them goes okay

1:27:00

well what am i supposed

1:27:01

to do next then since there's an infinite number of choices and the post-modernist

1:27:06

says well my theory

1:27:07

can't account for that and then they say well back to marxism and so that's why

1:27:11

i think there's this

1:27:12

unholy alliance between the post-modernists and the neo-marxists is because

1:27:15

post-modernism is a

1:27:17

is a dead end from the perspective of applicable wisdom it leaves you bereft

1:27:22

and nihilistic

1:27:23

and that's not good because people can't exist without a purpose and so they

1:27:26

sneak the marxism through

1:27:28

the back door and and jump into this power landscape for the reasons that we

1:27:32

discussed earlier so you

1:27:33

really think that it's because of an infinite number of possibilities

1:27:36

interpreting things because

1:27:37

i've always felt that it was really just a response to capitalism they like

1:27:40

that they feel that

1:27:41

capitalism is a very negative aspect of our culture and society and that there's

1:27:45

got to be some sort

1:27:46

of an alternative marxism is a clearly defined alternative that other people

1:27:50

have subscribed to

1:27:51

in the past you could point to it it's a structure that's already already set

1:27:56

up and it's romanticized

1:27:58

and i think they adopted for that reason because it has a socialist aspects

1:28:01

attached to it and they

1:28:02

looked at socialism as it's some sort of a thing that it regards equality and

1:28:07

uh you know it's some sort of

1:28:08

an egalitarian approach well it's okay so we'd have to take two things apart we'd

1:28:14

have to take

1:28:15

marxism slash neo-marxism marxism and post-modernism apart so we could do that

1:28:20

historically

1:28:21

and i would say that although there is a reason for post-modernism which is the

1:28:25

reason we just

1:28:26

discussed that the the landscape the infinite landscape of interpretation

1:28:30

problem it's a real problem

1:28:32

if you look at it historically post-modernism actually grew out of marxism and

1:28:37

so what what

1:28:38

what happened is that the marxists laid out their their their theory about the

1:28:44

human social environment

1:28:46

being composed of a power struggle between the privileged and the underprivileged

1:28:50

right the rich

1:28:51

and the poor in in its initial phases and that's a story that's partially true

1:28:56

and it's got a lot of

1:28:57

motive power like the motive power is the romantic motive power that you just

1:29:01

described i get to be on

1:29:02

the side of the oppressed i get to be a warrior for what's right there's the

1:29:06

resentment element which

1:29:07

is that son of a has more than me so let's cut him off at the knees which

1:29:11

manifested itself brutally in

1:29:12

the soviet union and then there's the ideological totality issue which gives

1:29:16

people a sense of security

1:29:18

that took a vicious hit by by the late 1960s because the murderousness of marxism

1:29:23

had been clearly laid

1:29:24

out as a doctrine and that opened the door to this move by by mostly french

1:29:29

intellectuals to to develop

1:29:32

the post-modern philosophy which has these advantages which we we described but

1:29:36

but also to use that as a

1:29:38

screening tactic for allowing marxism to transform into identity politics and

1:29:43

so like it's hard to

1:29:44

disentangle all the motivations that are going on in there but there's

1:29:47

something about it that's

1:29:48

that's truly intellectually pathological because you don't get to be a post-modernist

1:29:54

and a marxist

1:29:54

you actually technically cannot be both of those things at the same time and

1:29:59

the fact that most

1:30:00

people are both of those things at at the same time raises the specter of just

1:30:05

exactly what their

1:30:06

motivation is and then i would say it's this resentment driven anti-capitalism

1:30:11

there's reasons to

1:30:12

criticize capitalism obviously but it's this underground resentment driven anti-capitalism

1:30:17

that i think is

1:30:18

one of the fundamental motivators well if i can if i can add a couple things um

1:30:23

the risk of alienating

1:30:24

my last few friends uh in for a penny yeah i guess um so here's the thing what

1:30:30

what's up with uh with

1:30:32

marxism is a there's a lot in marx critique of capitalism that's actually right

1:30:37

and so that kind of

1:30:38

gets you through the door once you start looking at the analysis and then there's

1:30:43

the prescription

1:30:44

which is toxic but it's not obvious why it's toxic in other words it's a pretty

1:30:50

good story that

1:30:51

doesn't happen to function and so people gravitate to it because the story is

1:30:56

moderately compelling

1:30:58

it's not game theoretically functional or stable or viable and it does descend

1:31:03

into this kind of

1:31:04

you know inevitable grave violence and so we know that now historically it's

1:31:10

not just a theoretical

1:31:11

issue we've now seen enough of it to know that as a fact but nonetheless the

1:31:15

fact that there are people

1:31:16

telling the story to kids who don't yet know what to do with something that

1:31:21

sounds like it might be true

1:31:24

um is is very dangerous if you don't mind break it down as to why it goes bad

1:31:28

well i mean it's sort of a tired critique but i happen to think it's about

1:31:33

right which is that it

1:31:34

just does not take account of what a human being is and what makes society

1:31:42

function spoken like a true

1:31:43

fascist biologically essentialist yeah but no i think that wasn't very nice i

1:31:49

think i think that is

1:31:51

well i think it might be related back to okay so let's go back to the idea that

1:31:57

marx had something

1:31:57

to say okay and we could clarify that a little bit so here's a problem this is

1:32:01

the problem that that

1:32:02

seems to emerge as the function of some really fundamental force that we don't

1:32:07

quite understand

1:32:08

and that's this phenomena that i've been referring to as the pareto

1:32:11

distribution okay so here here's the

1:32:14

here's the situation if you look at any creative endeavor that human beings

1:32:19

engage in so that would be an

1:32:20

endeavor where there's variability in individual production it doesn't matter

1:32:24

what it is here's

1:32:25

what happens people compete to produce whatever that is and almost everybody

1:32:30

produces zero they lose

1:32:33

completely a small minority are a tiny bit successful and a hyper minority are

1:32:40

insanely successful and so the

1:32:42

perito distribution for and the perito distribution is is the what geometric

1:32:48

graph representation of that phenomena and so here's how it manifests itself

1:32:52

um

1:32:53

if you have 10 000 people a hundred of them have half the money

1:32:58

so the rule is the square root of the number of people under consideration have

1:33:02

half of whatever it is that's under consideration so

1:33:05

this works everywhere so if you took 100 classical composers 10 of them produce

1:33:09

half the music that's

1:33:10

played and then if you take the the 10 composers and you take a thousand of

1:33:15

their songs 30 of those

1:33:17

songs which is the square root of a thousand roughly speaking are played 50

1:33:21

percent of the time

1:33:22

and so there's this underlying natural law

1:33:24

which is it's expressed as the matthew principle which is from a new testament

1:33:28

statement the statement is

1:33:30

to those who have everything more will be given and from those who have nothing

1:33:34

everything will be taken

1:33:36

it's a vicious statement but it it's actually here's one of those places where

1:33:40

it's actually empirically true

1:33:41

this happens everywhere and so what marx observed was that capital tended to

1:33:46

accumulate in the hands of fewer and fewer people

1:33:48

and he said that's a flaw of the capitalist system that's wrong it's not a flaw

1:33:52

of the capitalist system

1:33:54

it is a feature of every single system of production that we know of no matter

1:33:58

who set it up and how it operates

1:34:00

and so then now we have a problem because what happens is

1:34:03

as soon as you set up a domain of production and you need to because you need

1:34:07

things to be produced

1:34:09

then you instantly produce a competition and the spoils go disproportionately

1:34:14

to a tiny percentage of people

1:34:16

so then the quid so then well so what well so the rest of the people starve or

1:34:20

the system becomes unstable

1:34:22

because everybody's mad it's like that's a big problem okay so how do human

1:34:25

beings fix that

1:34:26

well the first thing we did was diversify the number of productive games

1:34:30

so you don't get to be nba basketball star but you know you can run a podcast

1:34:36

it's a completely

1:34:36

different competitive landscape so we can fractionate the the production

1:34:40

landscape and then people who

1:34:42

aren't successful in one domain might be successful in others that's human

1:34:46

creativity we're really good at

1:34:47

that but the problem with that is you still get a positive correlation among

1:34:51

the successful people

1:34:53

you know so because you're so successful for example with your podcast and your

1:34:57

youtube videos your

1:34:58

connection network is insane insanely powerful right so you still have this

1:35:02

tendency for what's useful

1:35:05

and good to be uh what distributed let's call it inequitably and it's it's it's

1:35:13

got the power of a

1:35:14

physical law in fact there are people they call themselves econophysicists no

1:35:18

one knows that there's a field

1:35:19

econophysicists econophysics and they use the same mathematical equations that

1:35:24

that that represent the

1:35:27

propagation of molecules into a gas molecules into a vacuum to describe the

1:35:31

manner in which money

1:35:32

distributes itself in an economy okay so marx pointed to a fundamental issue

1:35:37

but he said well that's a

1:35:38

fault with capitalism it's like no it isn't it's something way more pernicious

1:35:42

than that and it's it's

1:35:43

something like well when one good thing happens to you it makes you a little

1:35:46

more powerful and attractive

1:35:47

and so that fractionally increases the possibility that another good thing will

1:35:52

happen to you

1:35:52

and then that spirals out of control and you get people who have well they have

1:35:57

all the money or they

1:35:58

have all the podcast downloads you're in that position you know what is it 1.2

1:36:03

billion like what the hell

1:36:05

but it's to those who have more and it's not because there's something oppressive

1:36:10

about you

1:36:11

it's because you you rode the wave of the Pareto distribution and it and it it

1:36:16

threw you way

1:36:16

up way the hell up into the stratosphere and we don't know what to do about

1:36:20

that like should you

1:36:21

be sharing your podcast views with the with the oppressed and downtrodden i

1:36:25

mean you've well you've

1:36:26

got a few billion you could spread the damn things around it's not fair that

1:36:29

you're the only one that's

1:36:30

being listened to you know it's the same argument and it's a compelling

1:36:33

argument because why the hell

1:36:34

should you have all that power if you call it power you could call it authority

1:36:38

or competence

1:36:39

but isn't that a different argument because no one's asking anyone to download

1:36:43

anything in specific

1:36:44

no one's no one's compelling anyone to download anything specific you could

1:36:48

download whatever you

1:36:49

want and if you put more effort and more time and more focus into your work

1:36:53

whatever it would be

1:36:53

whether it's a podcast or your youtube videos or whatever people enjoy it they

1:36:58

gravitate towards it

1:36:59

and then over time it exponentially increases the amount of people that are

1:37:04

exposed to it well this

1:37:05

is why i think that the the and this is the other problem with the marxist

1:37:09

perspective is that

1:37:10

and the post-modernists in particular like they conflate power competence and

1:37:15

authority unfairly

1:37:17

now your point it's sort of the point of free marketers you're saying well look

1:37:20

all i'm doing is

1:37:21

offering a product i'm not compelling anyone it's a quality product or at least

1:37:25

as far as the market is

1:37:26

concerned it is if it turns out that everyone wants that well what's wrong with

1:37:30

that and i'm not

1:37:31

disagreeing with that argument in the least but but it's the problem is it

1:37:36

doesn't it doesn't fix the

1:37:38

problem like the problem with money let's say the problem is is that if you let

1:37:41

a monetary system run

1:37:42

all the money ends up in the hands of a very few a very small number of people

1:37:47

and you're saying this

1:37:47

is also with any sort of creative endeavor any creative endeavor man now what

1:37:51

is wrong like i think the the

1:37:53

real issue would be to maximize potential output or maximize the amount of

1:37:58

successful people you'd have

1:38:00

to figure out what's don't concentrate on what people are doing right

1:38:04

concentrate on what people

1:38:05

are doing wrong like what why what are the people doing wrong that are failing

1:38:09

whether in any creative

1:38:11

that's that's partly why we put together sorry just give me one minute at all

1:38:14

that's partly why we put

1:38:15

together the future authoring program because we were trying to figure out what

1:38:19

made people successful and

1:38:20

one of the things that makes people successful is they specify a target and

1:38:24

then aim at it right

1:38:26

because if you're all over the we do know in a relatively functional society

1:38:30

like ours we know what

1:38:31

predicts success iq and conscientiousness are the biggest predictors of success

1:38:36

now there's a genetic

1:38:37

lottery thing going on there that's kind of rough but it does say that smart

1:38:41

people who work hard are

1:38:42

disproportionately likely to succeed and then you might also say well you want

1:38:46

to remove the

1:38:47

impediments from people who have those capabilities so that they can move

1:38:50

forward and one one of the

1:38:52

predictors of success as well is to decide what your success is going to be and

1:38:56

then work hard in

1:38:57

that direction and that actually works so i think that is a very useful thing

1:39:01

to do and that's well like

1:39:02

i said that's partly why we've been working in that direction so but there's

1:39:06

other problems that it

1:39:08

doesn't still still still doesn't solve like one of them is if you don't have

1:39:12

any money

1:39:13

it's really hard to get some like once you have some it's not so hard to get

1:39:18

some more

1:39:18

but right but if you're at zero jesus man you're in this you're in the reverse

1:39:23

situation

1:39:24

you're poor you don't have anything no one wants to talk to you you can't get

1:39:29

out of it because

1:39:29

you're too poor to get out of it you know you're penalized by the economic

1:39:32

system because you can't

1:39:34

even afford to start playing the game you're stuck at zero you're stuck at zero

1:39:38

and you can't get out

1:39:39

and the revolutionary types you know they go to the people who are stuck at

1:39:42

zero and they say

1:39:43

hey you're stuck at zero why don't you burn the whole goddamn thing to the

1:39:46

ground right

1:39:47

because maybe in the next iteration you won't be stuck at zero and for young

1:39:51

men that's a hell of a

1:39:52

call right because they're already let's call them expendable biologically and

1:39:56

that makes them more

1:39:58

adventurous and risk-taking if someone says and maybe that's why they wear the

1:40:01

shake wavera t-shirt

1:40:02

it's like hey i'm stuck at zero well i'd rather be with the romantic who's

1:40:05

burning the whole thing

1:40:06

to the ground than to just you know to stay locked in my immobile position

1:40:11

right but that zero is where

1:40:13

massive amounts of creativity come from because of that struggle massive

1:40:17

amounts of innovation massive

1:40:19

amounts of people who have visions because you're not living off of some sort

1:40:24

of uh trust fund you know

1:40:25

you you have real risk and real danger and you have a real concern about your

1:40:30

future whereas

1:40:31

someone who has no concerns whatsoever and their future is carved in stone they

1:40:36

can do whatever they

1:40:37

want and buy a new ferrari every year that they're not going to have nearly the

1:40:40

amount of motivation as

1:40:41

the poor person yeah well that may be why family fortunes tend to only last

1:40:45

three generations yes and

1:40:47

you know you're saying well why don't you take a look at the advantages of zero

1:40:51

and one of the advantages

1:40:52

there is that you're driven by brute necessity and that can really be

1:40:56

motivating yes and that's i think

1:40:57

why why first the children of first generation immigrants often do so well yes

1:41:02

you know they're

1:41:02

driven by necessity and it's so yes agreed however i would still say you know

1:41:10

the zero issue is there are

1:41:11

levels of absolute privation that are so intense yes that all the good will in

1:41:16

the world won't get you out

1:41:18

of zero right if you're living in a third world country in some very small

1:41:22

village with no way out

1:41:23

whatsoever that is the zero of zero you're in tanzania on the on the river

1:41:28

people are getting eaten by

1:41:30

crocodiles in your village you're fucked yes zero is like a magnet yeah just

1:41:34

hold yeah it's a black hole having

1:41:36

a little very little maybe that motivational state that's actually uh generative

1:41:41

right there's a

1:41:42

difference and then what's really bizarre is those people in that village might

1:41:47

be happier than the

1:41:48

people who live in a gated community in beverly hills well i wanted to i wanted

1:41:51

to come back to this

1:41:52

your point about uh about whether we should be concentrating on what you're

1:41:55

doing right versus

1:41:56

what you're doing wrong both of those will work and you should actually be

1:42:00

doing both of them

1:42:01

simultaneously you'll you'll uh maximize faster but the real problem is that

1:42:06

the system in which we

1:42:07

concentrate on what you're doing right and what you're doing wrong and

1:42:12

supposedly you get paid for

1:42:13

some uh integration of those things is that we don't we don't understand what

1:42:20

we are wired to produce

1:42:22

evolutionarily right we think we all operate based on the idea that we're we're

1:42:27

pursuing some state of

1:42:29

happiness or satisfaction and you know we we think we know what's going to get

1:42:34

it for us and maybe

1:42:34

it's inventing something and then then you'll be happy uh but it's a trap um

1:42:41

the fact is what we

1:42:42

are wired to do is to discover opportunities and then when we discover an

1:42:46

opportunity it benefits the

1:42:48

population that we come from and we turn that discovery into either more mouths

1:42:53

to feed or more

1:42:54

consumption and we restore the state of privation right we restore the state in

1:42:59

which people don't

1:43:00

have enough and so if you really wanted to fix this problem if you wanted to

1:43:05

address the problems

1:43:06

that communism thinks it's solving but fails to you have to engineer around

1:43:12

this uh this feature of

1:43:14

human beings where we pursue new opportunities and as soon as we find a new

1:43:18

opportunity instead of figuring

1:43:20

out a way to stabilize the benefits so that it results in a stable sense of

1:43:25

satisfaction for

1:43:26

example we fall all over ourselves to turn it into more of the same because of

1:43:30

course that's how we

1:43:31

got here can you give me an example which mean buzz um sure so let's look at uh

1:43:36

something like

1:43:38

the um let's imagine uh an ancient farmer an ancient farmer has a piece of land

1:43:47

and that piece of land will

1:43:48

support a certain number of people with the level of technology that the farmer

1:43:52

is utilizing somehow

1:43:54

the farmer ends up either thinking of or discovering by watching somebody else

1:43:59

a wheel now that farmer

1:44:01

has a technology that allows him or however many people are working that farm

1:44:06

to produce that much more

1:44:08

food with no more labor because the wheel allows you to transport more for

1:44:12

example at one time

1:44:13

so now that same piece of land can support more people because it can be more

1:44:17

efficiently farmed

1:44:18

that could be stabilized as a kind of um success in other words that you could

1:44:26

turn

1:44:26

the extra um the surplus into a kind of persistent uh luxury yeah a luxury but

1:44:34

i mean i don't even

1:44:35

luxury is a little bit too trivial sounding you could turn it into a space

1:44:39

where

1:44:39

you use that to uh to investigate important stuff or you could turn it into

1:44:45

more mouths to feed in which

1:44:47

case as soon as you've produced those extra mouths that are now consuming the

1:44:51

output of that farm now

1:44:53

the level of um you know fear of starvation is right back where it was and so

1:44:59

uh so so that's mo money more

1:45:01

problems uh yeah essentially i mean you know well it used to be that we

1:45:05

produced more people now we produce

1:45:07

uh a greater quest for consumption right but if we were smart what we would do

1:45:12

is we would think about

1:45:13

the problem of how to take uh the gains that come from not being bumped up at

1:45:19

the limits of a system

1:45:21

and turn them into what we value right what we collectively we've done some of

1:45:25

that i mean because

1:45:25

so we've done some of that because as

1:45:32

what do they say a rising tide lifts all ships and there's certainly some truth

1:45:36

in that the overall

1:45:37

standard of living has gone up so stupendously since 1895 that it's an absolute

1:45:41

miracle

1:45:42

so we've we've done some of that and so there's another issue back to marx let's

1:45:47

say there's

1:45:47

another issue that that we haven't we can't contend with and one of those might

1:45:52

be well imagine that

1:45:54

in order for society to progress you have to allow the individual to compete in

1:45:58

a relatively

1:45:59

untrammeled space so that they can innovate and then imagine that one of the

1:46:03

consequences of that

1:46:04

innovation is that you get these prido distributions developing because the

1:46:08

innovator or or the one

1:46:09

who's second in line to the innovator whatever ends up with them with the bulk

1:46:13

of the spoils

1:46:14

so you might say there's a cost to be paid in inequality for innovation and

1:46:21

then you could also say

1:46:23

well too much inequality destabilizes things which seems to be quite quite

1:46:27

clear so there's room for an

1:46:29

intelligent conversation about that right because the lefties say oh too much

1:46:33

inequality and they

1:46:34

need to be listened to because the evidence is quite clear if you let the

1:46:37

inequality ramp up enough

1:46:39

the whole system destabilizes because the people at the bottom think it we'll

1:46:43

just we'll just flip the

1:46:44

system upside down right no one wants that like right-wing conservatives don't

1:46:48

want that so because

1:46:49

you could make a republican argument say don't let the inequality in your

1:46:52

neighborhood get out of hand

1:46:54

because the crime rate will skyrocket and the empirical evidence on that is

1:46:58

overwhelmingly strong inequality

1:47:00

drives crime now you can say you can argue about why but the fact that it does

1:47:04

is that's not

1:47:04

disputable so we could have an intelligent discussion between the left and the

1:47:08

right and the discussion

1:47:09

would go something like this you need innovation you pay for innovation with

1:47:13

inequality but you need to

1:47:15

bind inequality because if it's too intense then things destabilize it's like

1:47:18

okay we can agree on that

1:47:19

we've got the parameters set now we have to now we have to start thinking very

1:47:23

carefully through how

1:47:24

to do the redistribution issue and we don't know how to do that so you might

1:47:27

say well we have a

1:47:28

guaranteed annual income for people which i think is a horrible solution by the

1:47:32

way but it addresses the

1:47:33

right problem the problem is is that we're hyper productive but the spoils go

1:47:38

to those at the top

1:47:39

and some of those resources need to be funneled down to the people who have

1:47:44

zero so that they have an

1:47:45

opportunity to at least get to the point where they can innovate and so the

1:47:48

bloody whole bloody

1:47:49

thing doesn't wobble and fall and we could we and i would say in some sense

1:47:53

that's what the political

1:47:54

discussion is about but we we've we've skittered off into these radical oversimplifications

1:48:00

which is

1:48:00

something like well if if you have more than another person you're an oppressor

1:48:04

and you're evil and

1:48:05

if you have less it's because you're virtuous and victimized and that's just a

1:48:09

non-starter so you

1:48:11

you think that there's a real problem with like something like a universal

1:48:14

basic income

1:48:15

you think it's a horrible idea well i think the idea that the solution is a

1:48:19

basic income is not a good

1:48:20

idea because i think the problem is deeper than that i i don't think the

1:48:24

fundamental problem is that

1:48:25

people don't have enough money i think the fundamental problem is that human

1:48:29

beings in some sense are

1:48:31

beasts of burden and if they're not given if they're not provided with a place

1:48:35

where they can accept

1:48:36

social responsibility social and individual responsibility in an honorable

1:48:41

manner they

1:48:41

degenerate and die that's the opiate crisis in the west right now like men need

1:48:47

men who who are men

1:48:49

don't need money they need function and we've got a problem one of the problems

1:48:54

is for example here

1:48:55

here's an ugly stat i think i told you this once before it's illegal to induct

1:49:00

anyone into the armed

1:49:01

forces if they have an iq of less than 83 and the reason for that is the the

1:49:05

you know the armed

1:49:06

forces despite having every reason to draw the contradictory conclusion has

1:49:11

decided that there isn't a

1:49:13

single thing that you can be trained to do in the military if you have an iq of

1:49:16

less than 83 that isn't

1:49:18

positively counterproductive that's 10 of the population and we're producing a

1:49:24

a culture that's

1:49:26

very cognitively complex like what the hell are you going to do if you can't

1:49:29

use a computer like

1:49:30

if you can use a computer you're at least in the game if you can really use one

1:49:34

you're hyper powerful

1:49:35

if you're not literate enough to use a computer you're at zero 10 of the

1:49:40

population the conservatives

1:49:42

say well there's a job for everyone if they just worked hard enough it's like

1:49:45

uh no and increasingly

1:49:48

no and the liberals say well everyone's basically the same and you can train

1:49:51

anyone to do anything

1:49:52

it's like no you can't yeah i want to go back to the inequality point here

1:49:58

because if you look at

1:49:59

this biologically actually i think it reveals a lot why are we i mean we know

1:50:05

from uh from careful study

1:50:07

that people are motivated by the degree of inequality more than they are the uh

1:50:13

the absolute

1:50:14

level of well-being that they have and there's a very good it's tragic but a

1:50:18

very good evolutionary

1:50:20

reason for this which is if you are working on some piece of land and your

1:50:24

neighbor has the adjacent

1:50:26

piece of land and they're doing twice as well as you it's because they know

1:50:30

something you don't

1:50:31

right and so becoming focused on what they're doing that you're not doing is a

1:50:36

rational

1:50:37

thing to to spend your time on so you can figure out what it is that they know

1:50:40

that you don't

1:50:41

in the modern environment this is a catastrophe because who are your neighbors

1:50:46

well you've got some

1:50:47

box sitting on the wall of your living room that has a totally artificial

1:50:51

portrait of other people

1:50:52

who may be much wealthier than you and it's broadcasting in as if you're

1:50:56

looking in their

1:50:57

window right in the adjacent house and so you think you you're being triggered

1:51:01

to to think that

1:51:01

you're doing something wrong that you might fix when in fact the solution may

1:51:04

not be

1:51:06

first of all the person on the other side of that screen may not be for real um

1:51:10

but even if they

1:51:12

are they're not living in the same environment as you the technology is interfacing

1:51:16

with uh with our

1:51:17

our brains badly but so we have the perception of massive inequality

1:51:22

economically we do have massive

1:51:24

inequality you're arguing that the solution to this involves some sort of

1:51:29

massive redistribution as a solution i would be a solution but nonetheless

1:51:34

redistribution is wildly

1:51:35

unpopular for various reasons and so what we've got now is a situation this is

1:51:42

speculative but what's

1:51:44

really happening is that austerity is being used as a threat to keep people who

1:51:48

would otherwise rebel

1:51:50

against the inequality in line and my fear about this is that this is exactly

1:51:55

the conditions that are going

1:51:57

to trigger that uh tribal population against population mayhem that we were

1:52:05

talking about at the beginning

1:52:06

of this conversation that when people have the sense that the the burst of

1:52:11

growth that they were

1:52:12

experiencing is now over the natural response is to turn on those who are not

1:52:17

as powerful and take their

1:52:18

stuff that this is a totally indefensible but nonetheless biological pattern of

1:52:24

history and that

1:52:25

if we want to avoid that we have to stop sending the signals that trigger us to

1:52:30

imagine that we've just

1:52:32

run to the limit of the opportunity that we had discovered and it is now time

1:52:36

to look and see who can't

1:52:38

defend their position how are we sending these signals well by um basically

1:52:43

failing to provide enough

1:52:46

well-being that people's perception of the inequality is reduced to a tolerable

1:52:52

level that's the argument

1:52:54

for universal basic income right certainly certainly a strong one and i you

1:52:58

know it's also it's also

1:53:00

a good argument for equality of opportunity right because people are people are

1:53:04

actually not as resentful

1:53:06

about the success of others as you might expect they're resentful about it if

1:53:11

they feel that the

1:53:12

game is fixed but they're also willing to consider the game long term so lots

1:53:16

of people will say look

1:53:17

like i'm stuck at not zero i'm stuck at one but my kids might make it to four

1:53:21

and that's good enough

1:53:23

and that's been the american dream right and then that's that's a really high

1:53:27

power antidote to

1:53:28

inequality it's like well yeah there's some inequality we need it to keep the

1:53:32

generative mechanism going

1:53:34

but the game is fair and you can play it too and there's some reasonable

1:53:37

probability that either

1:53:38

you or someone you love will be successful so that so it has to be a straight

1:53:43

game and that's why ethics

1:53:44

is so important to keep this landscape stable people can't play crooked games

1:53:48

and the rich shouldn't be

1:53:49

fixing the game if they want to hold on to their money and the problem is is

1:53:52

that some of them although

1:53:54

not all some of them are fixing the game and no one's happy about that and no

1:53:59

wonder you know and and

1:54:01

i guess that was evidenced to some degree by the 2008 collapse because it

1:54:06

seemed

1:54:06

and and i'm just as uninformed as the next person so i'm i'm what i'm i'm

1:54:14

capable of commenting on

1:54:15

this it seems from the outside that the rich disproportionately benefited from

1:54:20

the restabilization

1:54:21

of the economic system and people are not happy about that and they shouldn't

1:54:25

be happy about that

1:54:26

because it indicates that there's something fundamentally rotten about the game

1:54:30

so you could

1:54:30

say well maybe people can tolerate necessary inequality if the game isn't rigged

1:54:34

and so that's why everybody

1:54:36

has to act in a manner that indicates that the game isn't rigged and that means

1:54:39

they can't rig it

1:54:40

that's really what it means so and so we're also being driven into this

1:54:45

inequality corner by i would

1:54:46

say by the post-modernists and the neo-marxists because they say this is the

1:54:51

pernicious thing they

1:54:52

say well the reason that some people have more than others is because every

1:54:56

hierarchy is based on

1:54:58

arbitrary power and they're all oppressors and the reason they have the money

1:55:02

is because they stole it from

1:55:04

you and there's some truth in that because there are some criminals but when

1:55:09

you get to the point

1:55:10

where you fail to distinguish the productive people from the criminals which is

1:55:14

exactly what

1:55:14

happened in the 1920s in the soviet union you better bloody well watch out

1:55:18

because when you

1:55:19

radically make things egalitarian you're going to wipe out all your productive

1:55:24

people and then

1:55:24

you're going to starve and so that's that's one of the doom end scenarios that

1:55:30

awaits us if this

1:55:32

idiot process of polarization continues and what i find reprehensible about the

1:55:36

universities and

1:55:36

you're tangled up right up to your neck in this is that the universities are

1:55:41

actively agitating to

1:55:43

produce people who believe that all inequality is due to oppression and power

1:55:47

and that's just well

1:55:49

first of all it's technically wrong but why is that you guys both operate in

1:55:54

that system so what

1:55:56

well here's the problem no i as far as i know nobody has properly studied the

1:56:03

question of what fraction of the

1:56:05

the economy is actually crooked rent-seeking right not productive and i fear

1:56:12

that the answer to that

1:56:13

question is that it's an awful large fraction of the economy not because of

1:56:17

some uh conspiracy but

1:56:20

because opportunity is finite but con games aren't and so anybody who can find

1:56:27

a mechanism for transferring

1:56:29

wealth from somebody else for doing nothing finds that mechanism and that thing

1:56:33

is is ever present whereas

1:56:34

discovering the next big thing that's actually productive is you know something

1:56:39

that goes along

1:56:40

and fits and starts and so if we were i mean really you've described it very

1:56:45

well we've got a battle

1:56:47

between two caricatures of what's true right are the either the market is

1:56:52

wonderful and it's producing

1:56:54

great stuff with very little corruption or everything that makes people unequal

1:56:59

is the result of corruption

1:57:01

both of these things are wrong right markets are marvelous engines for figuring

1:57:07

out how to do

1:57:08

something really well they're brilliant at this right and so people who see

1:57:12

that fall in love with it

1:57:13

understandably because they're so good at it but what they're terrible at is

1:57:17

telling you what you should

1:57:18

want or what you should do right if people tell markets here's what we would

1:57:23

like to accomplish

1:57:24

and then the markets tell us well how do we accomplish that best that would be

1:57:28

a very viable

1:57:29

system that would not result in massive rent seeking resulting in everybody

1:57:34

feeling that all of their

1:57:35

misfortunes are the result of a rigged game which is so massively rigged that

1:57:39

when they check they see yes

1:57:40

that is actually large large to large extent what we're suffering from um but

1:57:45

they want to throw the

1:57:46

baby out with the bath water and so they want to throw out markets entirely

1:57:49

which you know would be a terrible mistake

1:57:52

it's a it's a it you asked you why why this has happened in the universities

1:58:00

and like that

1:58:01

that i think it's one of these runaway positive feedback processes you know the

1:58:06

universities start

1:58:07

to tilt hard to the left in the 60s and that just went out of control and now

1:58:11

we're at the point where

1:58:12

that's the dominant force and why is probably another manifestation of one of

1:58:19

these pareto principles

1:58:20

it was like well at some point there's enough lefties hired so that the

1:58:24

probability that they're only

1:58:26

going to hire people equally as left or greater starts to reach a hundred

1:58:30

percent and then you iterate

1:58:31

that across a couple of generations and you get no conservatives which is more

1:58:35

or less the situation

1:58:36

say in the humanities and most of the social sciences and it sort of looks like

1:58:40

a conspiracy

1:58:41

but it doesn't mean that anyone is actually planning it although there are

1:58:44

conscious attempts also to

1:58:46

silence conservative voices let's say and then that's also driven by this post-modern

1:58:50

ethos

1:58:50

neo-marxist ethos i would say that says that all of the right the moral right

1:58:55

is on the side of the left

1:58:57

you know and so it's the combination of those two things there's more things i

1:59:01

think i often think

1:59:02

comically that if you paid sociology professors uh three times as much the

1:59:08

probability that they would

1:59:09

be anti-capitalist would decline precipitously like i think a lot of it's

1:59:13

driven because there's a lot

1:59:14

of smart people in academia and they're underpaid relative to their

1:59:18

intelligence so and that doesn't

1:59:21

make them happy so they get bitter and resentful about that and they think well

1:59:24

there's these goddamn

1:59:25

bankers who are hauling in 20 million dollars a year and here i am hardly

1:59:30

struggling but here i am

1:59:32

struggling comparatively and that's the issue is comparatively on a hundred

1:59:36

thousand dollars a year

1:59:37

120 000 a year you know i look at that and i think well whatever it doesn't

1:59:42

matter but there's a

1:59:44

like my colleagues are often angry with me because i do work with the business

1:59:48

school

1:59:48

you know and i also have a business i'm not anti-capitalist in the least um but

1:59:54

i it's just

1:59:55

dumbfounding to me because they'll come up to me and say well are you so sure

1:59:57

that you should be

1:59:58

working with the business school and i think what bloody planet are you from to

2:00:02

to posit a question

2:00:03

like that's all businessmen are evil it's like really that's the level of your

2:00:07

sophistication

2:00:08

this is really an argument that's been presented to you that businessmen are

2:00:12

evil

2:00:12

well they don't come out and say that but they certainly question my

2:00:15

motivations for example in

2:00:17

in forming ties with the business school like what do they say about it they

2:00:21

say exactly that they

2:00:22

question my ethics about forming ties with the business school so but they don't

2:00:26

give you any

2:00:27

reasons you're supposed to the reason is supposed to be self-evident joe oh you

2:00:31

know well so let's give

2:00:33

this argument its due i mean i i don't buy this argument but um but nonetheless

2:00:37

let's let's not uh let's not

2:00:39

caricature it yes that's good um in a an absolutely free market which is not

2:00:44

what we have but we have

2:00:46

something that tends uh in that direction in an absolutely free market if you

2:00:51

compete two individuals

2:00:53

one of whom is completely amoral will embrace any opportunity if it makes a

2:00:58

profit no matter what it

2:00:59

is and the other individual has some limit to what they will do well then there's

2:01:04

no question who wins if

2:01:05

we give this experiment a long enough period the individual who will do

2:01:09

anything will out compete

2:01:11

the individual with moral limits because doesn't depend on what the game is

2:01:14

though because people

2:01:15

find out that you have no moral limits then they're going to remove themselves

2:01:20

from your market

2:01:21

unfortunately not and here's the i know it seems like that and in any given

2:01:26

round that's true okay but to

2:01:28

the extent that what you're saying is to the extent that people police um they're

2:01:33

purchasing and they

2:01:35

will you know they will stop using uber if uber is ethically uh compromised for

2:01:39

example um well then

2:01:41

the point is well what's the game the game is to figure out which things are

2:01:45

being monitored and not do

2:01:47

any of the unethical things that are being monitored but to do all of the unethical

2:01:50

things that aren't

2:01:51

being monitored and so the individual who is perceiving which things they can

2:01:56

get away with has an

2:01:57

advantage that's the psychopath advantage well i don't even want to call it the

2:02:01

psychopath advantage

2:02:02

right what this is is that a market will train you to do this if it is unregulated

2:02:08

and the best that

2:02:09

the ethically that the ethically um restrained person can do is compete dead

2:02:16

even they have no way of

2:02:18

getting ahead because the person that is completely free the the amoral uh

2:02:22

business actor has the

2:02:24

ability to do anything that the constrained actor has doesn't this depend

2:02:28

entirely upon what the

2:02:30

battlefield is not really there's there's sort of one exception and that

2:02:34

exception is people who have

2:02:36

done something uh that has suddenly put them in a powerful position right so um

2:02:44

like tech people right

2:02:45

tech people who have skyrocketed as a result of having innovated the next big

2:02:49

thing have not been through

2:02:51

the markets training them to discover the the landscape of what isn't being

2:02:56

monitored that you can make a

2:02:58

profit that's one of the fascinating things about tech people in general is

2:03:01

that these gigantic tech

2:03:02

corporations almost all lean left well the gigantic tech corporations lean left

2:03:07

that's true on the other

2:03:08

other hand i mean i hate to say it but think about how google started right don't

2:03:13

don't be evil right

2:03:15

i think they actually meant that right right and the thing is don't be evil is

2:03:19

what it sounds like when

2:03:20

you haven't been trained by the market to have to do whatever you have to do to

2:03:24

beat your competition

2:03:26

you've just come up with the great search engine and suddenly you're on top of

2:03:29

the world

2:03:30

um but over time what happens that entity is now exposed to competition from a

2:03:37

bunch of other entities

2:03:39

that increasingly will find an advantage in being freer to do ethically

2:03:44

questionable stuff and so what

2:03:46

it does is it forces an entity like google to evolve in the direction of amorality

2:03:52

so now don't happen

2:03:53

with china and google you know because google wanted to expand into china and

2:03:58

so you know they had to

2:03:59

make a deal with the devil so to speak right and they had to accept censorship

2:04:03

they will find ways to

2:04:04

rationalize everything because to not rationalize that which their competitors

2:04:08

can avail themselves of

2:04:10

would be to perish and one of the issues was uh there was all sorts of fake

2:04:14

google going on uh just like they

2:04:16

have fake apple stores in china they don't have the same sort of copyright laws

2:04:20

that we have and you

2:04:20

can essentially plagiarize anything you want and brett you you also said that i

2:04:25

shouldn't make a straw man

2:04:27

of the anti-business argument of my peers and there's another way that i

2:04:30

shouldn't make a straw man of it

2:04:32

like despite the fact that i'm not anti-capitalist i don't believe that every

2:04:37

entity is a business either

2:04:39

and one of the things that has happened to universities that has actually they've

2:04:42

pathologized in a number of

2:04:44

dimensions but they've also pathologized along the business dimension as the

2:04:48

administrators have

2:04:49

become increasingly trained or drawn from the ranks of business managers

2:04:53

because the university is

2:04:54

actually not a business it's a like a church isn't a business there are

2:04:58

organizations that aren't

2:05:00

businesses that you can't just cram into the free market structure willy-nilly

2:05:04

and so my colleagues

2:05:05

also object to the to the transformation of the university into a business

2:05:10

entity run by

2:05:11

profit-seeking mbas and they should object to that because that's not what the

2:05:15

institution is for

2:05:16

so there are reasons for them to be skeptical say of my association with the

2:05:20

business school that aren't

2:05:21

merely a reflection of a simplistic anti-capitalist ideology oh there are lots

2:05:26

of there are lots of things

2:05:27

that are not have no immunity to contact with the market right what has

2:05:33

happened to the university

2:05:34

system is that markets have pushed it in all kinds of directions that are not

2:05:38

healthy for

2:05:38

the mission of the academy and this is also true you know journalism isn't well

2:05:44

done in a market either

2:05:45

right journalism done in a market ends up telling you what you want to hear not

2:05:48

what you need to know

2:05:50

so anyway markets are wonderful but there are certain things they shouldn't be

2:05:54

allowed to touch

2:05:55

and there are certain things that they shouldn't do like tell us what to want

2:05:58

right they're not

2:05:59

there's no magic principle by which a market knows what's healthy and what you

2:06:04

know you might

2:06:05

create well that also then brings us back to another part of the conservative

2:06:09

um liberal left dilemma

2:06:13

which is well you know to direct the market means to impose the heavy hand of

2:06:20

the state and its

2:06:21

potential pathologies on the market but to leave it alone completely means that

2:06:26

it wanders randomly

2:06:28

through a through an indeterminate landscape and and i guess part of the issue

2:06:31

there too is it's sort of

2:06:33

like well how do we how do we how do we properly balance for foresight and

2:06:39

planning which you'd think

2:06:41

would have some role in in the construction of large-scale states it's like

2:06:44

well what do we want

2:06:45

the landscape to look like how do we balance that with the sort of

2:06:49

comprehensive computations that

2:06:51

the market allows and of course the answer to that is we have political

2:06:55

discussions about it all the

2:06:56

time that are untrammeled so that we can adjust the ratio between those two

2:07:00

things as necessary

2:07:01

so again that's a that's a re that's a argument on the side of free speech yeah

2:07:06

i mean really it couldn't be

2:07:07

more important the real answer is that both failures are frightening right

2:07:12

right you really don't want a

2:07:14

state uh nannying you um and over regulating the market and taking the magic

2:07:19

out of it and you don't

2:07:21

want the completely unregulated landscape where the market you know starts probing

2:07:25

the minds of your

2:07:26

children and figuring out how to sell them things that they don't have any

2:07:30

ability to resist right you

2:07:31

need to figure out what that path is and it's not easy but you can't do it in a

2:07:36

landscape where you

2:07:37

can't talk about the questions and this brings us to censorship doesn't it

2:07:40

because this is a real

2:07:41

issue with the marketplace of free ideas um when you're talking about whether

2:07:46

it's google or youtube or

2:07:48

whoever might be imposing their own morality and their own ideas on what you

2:07:52

should and should not be able

2:07:53

to discuss and what should and should not be monetized you're essentially

2:07:58

imposing these limits

2:08:00

these look i've read once and it's a very good point that freedom breeds

2:08:06

inequality because you're free

2:08:07

to put as much effort as you'd like into something and you're going to get in

2:08:12

equal results and that if

2:08:14

you are truly free in a free world some people are going to do far better than

2:08:18

others and just based

2:08:19

on their own input just based on their effort just based on the the amount of

2:08:23

focus and dedication

2:08:24

they have it is very unequal you know i i know many people that are far more

2:08:29

dedicated than other

2:08:30

people that i know and they do better yeah well that's that that's well buttressed

2:08:35

by the empirical

2:08:36

literature because well i mentioned earlier that the two best predictors of

2:08:39

long-term success are

2:08:40

intelligence and conscientiousness and what intelligence is probably something

2:08:45

like the number of of credible

2:08:47

operations that you can manifest in a given period of time it's something like

2:08:51

speed now it's not only

2:08:52

that but it speeds a big part of it so if what you're doing is working and you

2:08:56

can do it faster that

2:08:58

works better okay that's pretty damn straightforward and the next thing is well

2:09:02

conscientiousness well

2:09:04

conscientiousness would be something like how many of those cycles of effort

2:09:08

are devoted to that specific

2:09:09

task and it turns out that if there's a relationship between the effort and

2:09:14

task success more effort is

2:09:16

better but and so i can give you some indication of the power of that so if you

2:09:20

have good measures of

2:09:21

conscientiousness and iq you can predict someone's success in a competitive

2:09:25

landscape with a

2:09:26

correlation of about 0.6 and what that would mean is imagine that you tried to

2:09:31

pick people

2:09:32

you just said randomly you're going to be a success in the top half of the

2:09:36

successful people say and

2:09:38

you're going to be in the bottom half you'd have a 50 for 50 chance of of do of

2:09:42

making that selection

2:09:44

correctly if you did it randomly if you did it informed by the results of a

2:09:48

good cognitive test and

2:09:50

a conscientious test you'd be right 85 percent of the time so you could say

2:09:54

with 85 percent accurately

2:09:55

accuracy which of two people would be more likely to be in the top 50 percent

2:09:59

so it's a whopping effect

2:10:01

and it's actually some validation for the essential integrity of our system

2:10:06

because we hope given that

2:10:07

it's essentially an open meritocracy that smarter hard-working people would do

2:10:11

better and they do now

2:10:13

other factors apply corruption for example lots of factors apply i mean for one

2:10:18

thing wrapped up in iq

2:10:20

is a big question which is how much of the differences in iq that exist is

2:10:25

democratizable that is to say

2:10:28

how much of this is the result of environments that aren't enriching or there's

2:10:32

lead in the water or who

2:10:34

knows what not enough vitamins right my my sense actually my intuition based on

2:10:39

what i know biologically

2:10:40

is that a huge fraction maybe all of it but a huge fraction of differences uh

2:10:45

in iq is actually um

2:10:47

could be generalized and that's part of equal opportunity it's not an equal

2:10:52

opportunity see

2:10:53

i'm way more pessimistic about that and that's partly because i mean maybe

2:10:58

because i spent a lot of

2:11:00

because i'm interested in the amelioration of differences you know so for

2:11:03

example that's why

2:11:04

i built this future authoring program it's like hey if we can figure out how to

2:11:07

make people more

2:11:08

effective well let's do it so i scoured the literature on on iq enhancement and

2:11:14

it's bloody dismal

2:11:15

man it's rough it's very very difficult to put together a cognitive training

2:11:20

program like some things

2:11:22

have worked in a major way like the fact that people aren't starving has wiped

2:11:26

out has moved the bottom

2:11:28

of the iq distribution way up over the last hundred years that's been like a

2:11:32

walloping success but a lot

2:11:33

of the things that we hoped would work like head start's a good example of that

2:11:37

you know head start

2:11:39

was part of the american war on poverty and the idea was you'd give you know

2:11:43

deprived deprived kids

2:11:45

leg up early before they hit school and um start training them cognitively

2:11:50

earlier and the hope was

2:11:52

that you'd get a preto thing going where they'd be a little smarter in

2:11:56

kindergarten and then they do a

2:11:57

little better in grade one and that would make them do even more better in

2:12:01

grade two more better do

2:12:02

better in grade two but what happened what happened was that the kids who went

2:12:07

through head start

2:12:08

actually did get a cognitive jump on their competitors but all the other kids

2:12:12

caught up by

2:12:12

grade six and by grade six there was absolutely no effect whatsoever of the

2:12:16

training program left

2:12:18

now head start did have a couple of benefits one was fewer teenage pregnancies

2:12:22

and fewer dropouts but

2:12:24

that was probably because the kids who got into head start were either socialized

2:12:29

better or that some

2:12:30

fraction of them were removed from for some time from extremely toxic

2:12:35

environments just while they

2:12:36

happened to be at head start but it didn't produce the cognitive improvements

2:12:40

that everyone right and

2:12:41

left were equally hoping for yeah but this is this is in some sense uh it's a

2:12:46

very much an uncontrolled

2:12:48

experiment right because a head start starts late yep and b it doesn't insulate

2:12:54

you from all of the stuff

2:12:55

that comes along with oh yeah yeah growing up in in the deprived neighborhood

2:12:59

and so absolutely and now

2:13:01

also we really don't know what the truth is of um of human iq uh and there

2:13:08

there are some results that

2:13:10

suggest some things that are not hopeful on the other hand some of them just

2:13:14

simply run afoul with

2:13:15

uh the biological realities of intelligence well here's a good example of the

2:13:22

of the lack of

2:13:23

malleability i mean there's a couple of things the first is that we may have

2:13:26

already we may already be

2:13:27

at a point of diminishing returns in terms of eliminating individual

2:13:31

differences in iq because

2:13:33

everyone has central heating everyone has air conditioning everyone has enough

2:13:37

food everyone

2:13:38

has access to the an infinite pool of information so you could say even if you're

2:13:42

in a deprived

2:13:43

environment but you're smart the intellectual landscape is wide open to you now

2:13:47

i'm not saying that's the

2:13:48

case but you can make a case for that but the more dismal end of the of the

2:13:52

biological research on iq

2:13:54

shows things like if you take identical twins at birth and you put them in uh

2:13:59

adopted out families that the

2:14:02

iq of the adopted out twins is much there it's much closer a to the original

2:14:06

biological parents than to

2:14:08

the adoptive parents and be almost perfectly correlated with one another and

2:14:12

that correlation

2:14:12

increases as the separated twins age so let's say you had a twin you were both

2:14:18

adopted out at birth

2:14:20

we test your iqs at four they're fairly close they're closer to your biological

2:14:24

parents than your

2:14:25

adoptive parents but then we test you every year until you're 60 by the time

2:14:29

you're 60 no matter how

2:14:30

long you've been separated as as a an identical twin your iq score is so much

2:14:35

like your twins iq score

2:14:38

that it's as if the same person was being tested twice and that's a really

2:14:42

complicated one because

2:14:43

you think well as twins travel through the environment and accrue different

2:14:48

experiences their iqs should

2:14:50

diverge like obviously that's not what happens they converge so there are there

2:14:55

are a lot of places to

2:14:57

critique that for one thing there aren't very many identical twins raised apart

2:15:01

it's a small sample

2:15:03

this is definitely true those identical twins raised apart carry with them uh

2:15:07

whatever effects

2:15:09

there were from before they were born for sure they look the same and so if if

2:15:14

they you know if they've

2:15:15

been damaged by an environment that was unhealthy for their mother when she was

2:15:20

pregnant then they would

2:15:21

carry that through and it would show up as uh as a similar iq later in life so

2:15:26

that one really wants

2:15:27

to see that this is true on the positive side not just the negative side um so

2:15:30

anyway there's i'm not

2:15:32

saying that there's nothing to it i'm really saying i think we don't know it's

2:15:35

very early in this but what

2:15:36

i can say and i think you know a couple of the things that we've settled on in

2:15:40

this conversation

2:15:41

already are that a uh an environment in which we can say anything that we can

2:15:48

advance any argument

2:15:49

and test it it doesn't mean that that argument is protected but that any

2:15:52

argument can be advanced and

2:15:54

then challenged that that is inherent to navigating and the other thing that i

2:15:58

think we would agree on is

2:16:00

that equality of opportunity is uh nothing but good right a fair game with

2:16:04

equality of opportunity

2:16:06

fair game with equality of opportunity and i guess one thing i would add i don't

2:16:10

know if we would agree

2:16:11

on this but um you were talking about the fact that uh i forget which thing

2:16:16

exactly but but that a system

2:16:18

based on uh merit produces inequality because people will freedom yeah that

2:16:22

freedom produces inequality

2:16:24

that's not necessarily a bad thing but it doesn't mean that we are obligated to

2:16:29

to ride it all the way

2:16:31

down right the fact is we could make people safe to fail right so that you are

2:16:37

encouraged to attempt

2:16:39

to do something highly valuable and if you if it doesn't work out um then the

2:16:44

point is you're not homeless

2:16:46

this would be the uh the argument for something like universal basic income

2:16:51

that your your needs are

2:16:52

taking care of your food your shelter and now you're free to pursue any ideas

2:16:56

that you might have that

2:16:58

you would ordinarily be saddled down by your your issues with food and well

2:17:03

there is some evidence of

2:17:04

that actually happening um in canada now these are multi-variable problems and

2:17:09

so i'm not claiming that

2:17:11

this is true but it's suggestive the rate of entrepreneurial activity in canada

2:17:16

is actually higher than in the united

2:17:18

states and one reason for that appears to be the fact that if you're 25 27 let's

2:17:24

say and you have a family

2:17:26

you can quit your job and start a startup and you don't lose your health care

2:17:30

right and so now you know the issue of universal health core is obviously a

2:17:36

very thorny one and it's

2:17:37

not like the canadian system works perfectly but it doesn't work too badly and

2:17:41

we've been able to

2:17:42

manage it for about 50 years you know we have there's there's artificial

2:17:46

scarcity in the system and the

2:17:48

delay times are longer than they would be if you flew to the mayo clinic and

2:17:52

bought your health care

2:17:53

like i would say that at the high end the american health care system is better

2:17:56

than the canadian

2:17:57

health care system but i would say at the middle and at the low end the canadian

2:18:02

health care system

2:18:03

is clearly preferable and it's also cheaper which is quite interesting because

2:18:07

you would expect especially

2:18:09

if you're a free market type that you know i know the health care system in the

2:18:12

u.s is not precisely

2:18:14

free market but it is more so than it is in canada yet americans pay a

2:18:18

substantially higher proportion

2:18:19

of their overall uh devote a higher proportion of their overall gdp to personal

2:18:24

health care that canadians

2:18:25

do and and the stats are similar if you look at other you know quasi socialized

2:18:30

medical medical systems

2:18:32

great piece on that by adam ruins everything have you ever seen that television

2:18:35

show it's really

2:18:36

interesting he breaks down pretty much uh a lot of different subjects but

2:18:40

breaks down the american

2:18:43

healthcare system to pretty much where it went wrong and i just encourage

2:18:47

anybody to go watch it because

2:18:48

it just shows how they elevated the price of all sorts of different things to

2:18:52

sort of make up for you know

2:18:54

lack of profits and it's really it's a really fascinating little piece um we

2:18:58

are already almost three hours

2:19:01

into this so we haven't talked about hitler oh my goodness well we kind of have

2:19:06

we kind of did we

2:19:07

kind of have but let me just uh do you want to lay out your argument about hitler

2:19:11

and then i'll respond

2:19:12

to it and uh um i don't know if i do want to i mean um i think i i actually

2:19:18

think that i should stop

2:19:20

because i'm kind of at the limits of i'm at the point where the probability

2:19:23

that i will say something

2:19:25

stupid is starting to increase and i would rather not because just saying the

2:19:29

things that i'm trying

2:19:30

to say that aren't stupid is dangerous enough yes this isn't the topic where

2:19:33

you want to make that

2:19:34

kind of yes right so i would say maybe is there a more charged subject it's

2:19:38

funny that it's charged

2:19:41

because as you point out we're pretty much all in agreement about it right i

2:19:45

mean i mean you find

2:19:46

someone who's not and they're instantly ostracized from society right i mean

2:19:50

anybody who has an argument

2:19:51

about genghis khan i mean there's a really fascinating um take on this by dan

2:19:56

carlin from

2:19:57

hardcore history where he's talking about the amount of time that has passed

2:20:00

since a horrible atrocity

2:20:02

and that there are people that will argue that genghis khan who killed 10 of

2:20:06

the world's population

2:20:07

changed things so badly that it literally lowered the carbon footprint of the

2:20:12

human race while he was

2:20:13

alive killed some untold number of millions of people and was responsible for

2:20:18

their deaths people look to

2:20:20

him and they find all sorts of positive things to attribute to his reign uh

2:20:24

opening up trade with china

2:20:26

opening up trade routes although all these different things that people have

2:20:30

attributed to him and that

2:20:32

someday someone may do the same thing about adolf hitler right now well it's

2:20:38

impossible he uh he certainly made

2:20:41

um that job very difficult with all of the documentation yes especially the

2:20:45

films but um

2:20:46

but let's just say uh the argument that i want to level i want to be really

2:20:52

careful to do this

2:20:53

so that it can't be misinterpreted by anybody i'm gonna i'm gonna enjoy

2:20:56

watching this okay

2:20:59

if i'm cornered will you will you come out no way man the knives are going out

2:21:04

okay so my argument from all those years ago in in my uh my paper that i was

2:21:11

did for bob trevers

2:21:12

that i mentioned at the beginning was that hitler was a monster as we all know

2:21:19

but he was a rational

2:21:20

monster that the program that he deployed was not what he said mind you what he

2:21:27

said was wrong in many

2:21:28

places especially where it gets near darwinism it's just all tangled and broken

2:21:33

but what he did was

2:21:35

rational from the point of view of uh increasing the amount of resource that

2:21:44

was um dedicated to

2:21:47

producing members of his population and so my point is this is the danger that

2:21:54

we are in if we allow

2:21:57

ourselves to imagine um that genocidal impulses are more or less gone from the

2:22:04

world because we've all

2:22:06

assumed we've all agreed that they're a bad thing and the point is that they

2:22:10

exist in a in a latent

2:22:11

program and at a point when you have um austerity as a result of uh usually a

2:22:19

an opportunity that has run

2:22:21

its course and has resulted in the population growing to fill that opportunity

2:22:25

and suddenly there's nowhere

2:22:26

to go because the opportunity has all been absorbed the tendency of people is

2:22:31

to figure out who what

2:22:33

other population is weak and if that population is across a border then there's

2:22:37

some excuse for war

2:22:39

and if the population is within the border then it's a genocide but the point

2:22:43

is that is an ever-present

2:22:44

danger for us okay i want to clear clarify one thing i mean because this

2:22:48

argument was sort of phrased as

2:22:50

we have a disagreement about hitler and i would like to point out that i don't

2:22:54

actually disagree

2:22:55

with anything that you just said because i cert if i remain relatively silent i

2:22:59

don't want to be seen

2:23:01

i don't want it to be seen that the fact that i'm disagreeing with you means or

2:23:05

that there is a

2:23:06

disagreement means that it's a disagreement about any of that i think the

2:23:09

disagreement was something like

2:23:11

i said that hitler was even more evil than we thought he was and you i think

2:23:15

correct me if i'm wrong

2:23:17

you're pointing out the danger of assuming that you can put hitler in a he was

2:23:22

just a monster box and

2:23:24

don't think about it anymore and i would say i agree absolutely with that i

2:23:28

mean i've studied hitler

2:23:29

a lot and there's a bunch of things that you can't say about him you can't say

2:23:34

he was stupid

2:23:36

right you can't say he was without artistic talent you can't say that he was a

2:23:40

poor organizer you can't

2:23:42

say that he wasn't charismatic you can't say that he did wonders for equal germany's

2:23:47

economy in the

2:23:48

first part of his reign and and and so it's very necessary when you're if you're

2:23:55

dealing intelligently

2:23:56

with the true monster that you give the devil his due yeah uh so i think the

2:24:01

thing that i saw in

2:24:03

your video was your argument was that as he was losing instead of um putting

2:24:09

the genocide on pause

2:24:11

and uh winning and winning the war winning that he he ratcheted up the genocide

2:24:18

yeah i don't know

2:24:18

if it would really be i don't think it's necessarily fair to say that it was

2:24:22

him that did that although

2:24:23

i think he had a hand in it it does appear to me that that's what happened

2:24:27

right and my my point would

2:24:28

simply be and again there i couldn't possibly be less sympathetic with the

2:24:35

individual my point is

2:24:37

simply that from an evolutionary point of view if your objective is coldly to

2:24:41

increase the number of

2:24:42

genomes that are spelled the same way that yours are on earth that a he did enslave

2:24:49

those jews who were

2:24:50

most fit to work in service of the german war machine right that's what those

2:24:56

camps are not all

2:24:57

of the camps were work camps but you know auschwitz for example was both a work

2:25:01

camp and a death camp

2:25:03

and so there was this uh tendency to enslave and so let me ask you a question

2:25:09

about this because

2:25:11

you know i think you have to make a pretty tenuous biological argument to say

2:25:15

that there's evolutionary

2:25:16

utility in in increasing the number of your kinsmen but unless they're very

2:25:21

close but but here's a

2:25:22

slight variation of that you tell me what you think about this is it reasonable

2:25:26

to presume that a decent

2:25:28

survival strategy is to homogenize your environment with regards to under some

2:25:34

conditions to homogenize

2:25:35

your your environment with regards to racial or ethnic differences to decrease

2:25:39

the probability that

2:25:40

you and yours are going to be killed oh yeah again no defense of this yes you

2:25:46

are right that to the

2:25:47

extent that there's another population that's distinct that that population

2:25:51

even if it is small and has

2:25:53

little power now might not be small and have little power later and so

2:25:57

undoubtedly that program is there

2:25:59

okay okay um but i would say that the the tendency to believe that evolution

2:26:04

only functions at the level

2:26:06

of kin when you're talking about very close relatives i believe is an error

2:26:10

that is the result of the fact

2:26:12

that evolutionists early on wished to operationalize fitness and it's very hard

2:26:18

to operationalize fitness

2:26:19

across population level differences and so they built a definition that is

2:26:25

about immediate kin but there's no

2:26:27

logical reason to imagine that that peters out at the edge okay okay so okay so

2:26:33

that you're okay so all

2:26:35

i'm arguing is that what hitler did was go after a population inside his border

2:26:42

that was more distantly

2:26:44

related to the people who were his constituents and then he went obviously

2:26:48

after eastern europe and sought the

2:26:51

future of germany in russia and it took 12 million uh russians to turn around

2:26:57

the german war machine i mean

2:26:59

those are military deaths there were vastly more civilian deaths but um but the

2:27:04

point is he did not succeed

2:27:07

in doing what he set out to do but he also didn't fail in the sense that he

2:27:12

took a bunch of resources that

2:27:14

belonged to a population that was more distantly related and um he got rid of

2:27:20

those people and by

2:27:21

getting rid of them increased the amount of resource that was available to arians

2:27:26

this has nothing to do

2:27:27

genes are not interested in figuring out which genes are superior all of the

2:27:33

language about german

2:27:35

superiority is nonsense however genes are very interested i mean they're

2:27:40

obviously genes they don't think but

2:27:43

they act as if they are interested in replacing alternative spellings okay and

2:27:47

so part of the reason

2:27:48

that you're walking through this just so that this the track of this remains

2:27:52

self-evident is to caution

2:27:55

people against to to alert people to the fact that the sorts of programs that

2:28:00

hitler both ran and elicited

2:28:03

from people are lurking in our let's say in our genome in our in our set of

2:28:08

biological possibilities and we

2:28:10

have to be very awake to that fact on an ongoing basis they are lurking in our

2:28:14

genomes which does not mean

2:28:16

that we as adults have this as a possibility many people will not go along with

2:28:21

this other people have

2:28:23

it lurking to be triggered and i think you know what worries me is that trump i

2:28:27

think very cynically

2:28:28

utilized this lurking program in order to to gain office that he played upon

2:28:34

the fact that certain

2:28:36

people were waiting to hear those noises and what he said about charlottesville

2:28:40

you know again he did not

2:28:43

he did not go after the white nationalists the way did you see the white

2:28:48

nationalist response

2:28:50

do you see no yeah the daily storm had uh is that what it's called i think one

2:28:54

of the one of the uh

2:28:55

white nationalist papers had a breakdown of what trump did and that essentially

2:28:59

at the end they were

2:29:00

saying he didn't go after us he didn't target us this is very good he was very

2:29:03

clear that it was all

2:29:05

sides and that he never once targeted us didn't say anything bad about us and

2:29:09

then they said god

2:29:11

bless trump at the end of it there's a real tricky issue there about truth you

2:29:14

know because um i was

2:29:17

because my free speech the free speech panel that i was a part of was cancelled

2:29:22

i had to make comments

2:29:23

in the canadian media about charlottesville and so i really had to think about

2:29:28

what trump said because

2:29:31

the the fact that there is reprehensible behavior on both sides of the extremes

2:29:36

of the distribution is

2:29:37

true however truth is a tricky thing because you have to take the temporal

2:29:43

context into account you

2:29:45

know because i would say you can imagine that there are white lies and black

2:29:49

truths a black truth is when

2:29:51

you use the truth in a way that isn't truthful just like a white lie is when

2:29:55

you use uh when you lie in a way

2:29:57

that isn't harmful you can use the truth to wound and hurt and what that really

2:30:00

means is that you've

2:30:02

misused the truth and so it's actually a complex form of lie but what what what

2:30:06

trump did wrong

2:30:07

this is independent of whether or not he was actually engaging in manipulation

2:30:11

or deceit was

2:30:12

he failed to specify the time and the place for the utterance because what he

2:30:17

should have come out

2:30:18

and done was said i unequivocally uh denounce the white supremacist racism that

2:30:26

emerged in

2:30:27

charlottesville yes and then he should have shut up and then two weeks later he

2:30:30

could have said

2:30:31

well would we look at the political landscape as a whole perhaps commenting on

2:30:36

berkeley he could have

2:30:37

said it's pretty obvious that there are reprehensible individuals acting out at

2:30:41

both ends of the extreme

2:30:43

but the charlottesville week wasn't the week to make that point so and you know

2:30:49

what why he did that

2:30:51

well it could be just ineptness because it was a very tricky week to exactly

2:30:56

get things

2:30:56

right i don't i don't think so i think actually we can look at the uh what he

2:31:01

did during the election

2:31:03

and i think we should expect that he would do exactly what he did well fair

2:31:06

enough but i think

2:31:07

there's there's a wink and a nod to them always with neo-nazis and white supremacists

2:31:12

applaud donald

2:31:13

trump's response of dale yeah see see if you could see the actual does it show

2:31:17

the actual text of what

2:31:18

they were wrote because quote from the editor here right there

2:31:22

uh he refused to mention anything to do with us reporters were screaming at him

2:31:28

and the white

2:31:29

nationalism he just walked out of the room huh right um there's there was an

2:31:34

actual uh article that they

2:31:36

wrote on one of those websites trump's comments were good he didn't attack that's

2:31:40

it didn't attack us just

2:31:42

said the nation should come together nothing specific against us he said that

2:31:45

we need to study

2:31:46

why people get so angry and implied that there was hate on both sides exclamation

2:31:51

point so he implied

2:31:52

that the antifa are haters i mean so that that energized them in a way and i

2:31:58

mean there's no secret

2:32:00

that they support him you know um my friend alonzo boden has a very funny quote

2:32:03

he's a comedian he goes

2:32:05

not all trump supporters are racists but all racists are trump supporters right

2:32:08

right it's a it's a great

2:32:10

quote and he that's there's political power in that whether or not trump is a

2:32:15

racist or whether it's

2:32:17

the wink and the nod to that side that is the only wink and the nod that they're

2:32:21

getting i mean yeah or

2:32:23

even yeah or even insufficient denunciation which was kind of what did in there's

2:32:27

a canadian journalist

2:32:28

named faith goldie who got fired from rebel media for being uh uh being accused

2:32:35

of being too cozy

2:32:36

with uh daily stormer type she did a podcast with with uh crypto and i listened

2:32:41

to the podcast very

2:32:42

carefully she was actually one of the people that was supposed to be a panelist

2:32:45

on this free speech

2:32:46

talk so that put us in a real bind but well what happened in the podcast well

2:32:51

what happened was in my

2:32:53

estimation was that she didn't properly fulfill her role as critical journalist

2:33:00

she was it was sort of

2:33:02

like a discussion with your friendly neighborhood neo-nazi and what i mean by

2:33:06

that is she didn't

2:33:06

ally herself ellie ellie hers ally herself with any of the purported aims of

2:33:13

the neo-nazi

2:33:14

people she was talking to but i think she failed to criticize them sufficiently

2:33:20

she didn't ask the tough

2:33:21

questions you know now and and that and that that was a that was well it was a

2:33:28

fatal error i mean she

2:33:29

got fired from rebel media and and it's going to have terrible repercussions

2:33:33

for her although she

2:33:34

may land on her feet but rebel media is very conservative as well right

2:33:38

certainly by canadian

2:33:39

standards yeah yeah yeah that's right no rebel media like imploded in the

2:33:43

aftermath of charlottesville

2:33:45

because of of what faith goldie did with with the uh daily it wasn't even the

2:33:50

daily stormer it was a

2:33:52

a group called crypto but they're they're associated with the daily stormer so

2:33:56

she went on there which i

2:33:58

think you could make you could make a case that that's okay as a journalist you

2:34:02

can go talk to neo-nazis

2:34:03

but the question is how do you talk to them and the answer to that is you point

2:34:08

out their agenda

2:34:10

you don't allow them to masquerade as friendly as friendly innocent people you

2:34:17

can't do that and

2:34:18

so i would say she damn she damned herself by insufficiently criticizing the

2:34:23

villains it was

2:34:24

something like that you uh familiar i'm sure you are familiar with louis

2:34:27

through no i'm not actually

2:34:30

through the documentarian do you know him from uh england fascinating guy

2:34:34

fantastic like one of the

2:34:34

best um and one of the things that he's done is um well he's he's interviewed a

2:34:39

ton of different

2:34:40

people but one of the great ones that he did was the westboro baptist church

2:34:44

and he sort of embedded

2:34:45

himself with them and was uh very congenial and very like kind and unthreatening

2:34:53

and stayed with them

2:34:54

for long periods of time like weeks on end and got them to eventually like

2:35:00

expose who they were

2:35:02

and and understand from like the point of view of an insider in a sense without

2:35:10

necessarily condemning

2:35:11

them but we're just constantly asking questions but being very very polite

2:35:15

about it not like a bunch

2:35:17

not not like a lot of serious like confrontational criticism rather but a very

2:35:22

friendly sort of

2:35:24

polite uh british way of uh discussing things and he's particularly good at

2:35:29

embedding himself he did

2:35:31

it with scientology he's done it with a bunch of different groups he embeds

2:35:34

himself and just sort

2:35:36

of right so there's so there's a justification for attempting that sort of

2:35:39

thing clearly yes yes but

2:35:41

and i really had to think this through because well what happened with our talk

2:35:45

was it was so hall of

2:35:47

mirrors like it was like it was a talk about free speech talks being shut down

2:35:51

on campus that was shut down by a

2:35:53

campus and it was a panel of people who purport to support free speech who

2:35:59

knocked someone off the

2:36:01

panel because of something well not precisely that she said but it's close

2:36:05

enough to make the irony

2:36:06

rather palpable it is so i i had to go through what happened with faith very

2:36:11

carefully to figure out

2:36:12

what the right ethical pathway was you know but i listened to the podcast very

2:36:17

carefully i listened to

2:36:18

with my son and we talked about a lot and our conclusion was that she had

2:36:23

failed to she had failed

2:36:25

to she didn't ask enough tough questions one would have done it even maybe two

2:36:31

would have done it for

2:36:32

sure but it was that the discussion was too cordial and it could have even been

2:36:38

cordial to your point

2:36:40

because maybe that would have led to more discussions yeah but it should have

2:36:42

been cordial with one snake bite

2:36:45

you know that would be required to make that snake bite i mean well it depends

2:36:48

on what you mean by

2:36:49

required well but my thought is like to to find out what these people really

2:36:53

want and really like we're

2:36:55

really trying to achieve sometimes you don't have to be confrontational with

2:36:58

them you just got to allow

2:36:59

them to be comfortable look and kamal bell did that really great on his cnn

2:37:04

show with the kkk he sort of

2:37:05

just allowed them to be themselves and they became more and more comfortable

2:37:09

with him the more time they spent

2:37:10

with them to the point where they're actually joking around with him but you

2:37:13

got to see that the

2:37:15

ugliness was so obvious and evident and without him confronting them on without

2:37:20

him yelling and arguing

2:37:21

you got to see it from him just being friendly and joking around with them now

2:37:25

nobody would ever accuse

2:37:27

a black man like kamal bell with being a sympathizer with the kkk he was in

2:37:32

this inarguable position like no

2:37:35

one no one could accuse him of it this woman i'm assuming is white that's where

2:37:39

the the problem lies

2:37:41

well one of many problems yeah she was a black woman in the very same situation

2:37:45

like oprah was in the

2:37:46

past like oprah interviewed the kkk in the past and she was never accused of

2:37:52

being like somehow or

2:37:54

another a sympathetic person to them right and somehow we we have to uh raise

2:37:59

the threshold of offense there's

2:38:02

there are lots of ways to contribute to the conversation one of them may be to

2:38:06

embed yourself

2:38:06

and actually allow the world to see yes people who are doing something abhorrent

2:38:12

in the in the way

2:38:13

that they see themselves so you can understand it rather than being there

2:38:16

asking questions right you

2:38:17

don't necessarily have to be like what are you going to change them and being

2:38:21

critical to them i mean just

2:38:22

getting in arguments with them i mean you might be able to see something from

2:38:25

that from their response to

2:38:27

like rational discussion about their issues this brings us down a whole other

2:38:31

rabbit hole which

2:38:32

maybe we could talk about at some point in the future because this is a really

2:38:35

interesting topic

2:38:36

you know like part of the reason that i've been accused of being on the far

2:38:40

right say or on the

2:38:41

alt-right is because i've talked to people talked with people who perhaps have

2:38:46

are closer

2:38:47

what would you say have an association network that might be more closely

2:38:51

allied with that than

2:38:53

people are comfortable with but my attitude has been too it's and and i don't

2:38:57

want to talk about this

2:38:57

in much detail because it's really complicated but the the the anti-left

2:39:02

spectrum let's say

2:39:04

is very confused and it could easily tilt very rapidly into the hard right anti-left

2:39:11

which is the

2:39:12

danger that that you were describing and partly what i'm hoping is that i can

2:39:16

talk to people who might

2:39:18

conceivably be on that developmental pathway because they're they're tired of

2:39:22

being accused of implicit

2:39:23

racism let's say and say look you can be anti-radical left without falling all

2:39:30

the way into the to the far

2:39:32

right and here's how you might do it but that means i have to talk to them and

2:39:35

then if i talk to them

2:39:36

that means i risk association with them and that risks being tainted it's a

2:39:40

very tricky line to walk

2:39:42

well it's also one of the one of the big problems with this hard stance of the

2:39:47

of the left of the hard

2:39:49

left like this pepe the frog thing like that anybody i mean one of the things

2:39:53

that i tweeted was some guy

2:39:54

that called me you just admitted you're a nazi because you i posted a meme that

2:39:59

someone had created of

2:40:00

me as pepe the frog and apparently there's pepe the frog of everybody and so i

2:40:05

put this guy was like

2:40:06

well you just admitted you're a nazi and i'm like see this is a part of the

2:40:10

problem and this creates a

2:40:11

massive blowback people are getting angry because that frog for the most part

2:40:15

is used humorously

2:40:16

and yeah actually you used the phrase defensive humor when we were talking and

2:40:21

it really is and i think

2:40:23

i mean this is i didn't mean to interrupt you joe but no please do there's

2:40:27

there's something about the

2:40:28

idea that the effectiveness of this meme is that it tangles people with no

2:40:33

sense of humor in knots and

2:40:36

i and that's that's a huge part of why those things are generated that's why

2:40:39

they like it that's

2:40:40

exactly right they love it yeah yeah um yeah i mean i'm i'm fearing that i'm

2:40:45

saying something about

2:40:46

this frog and that there's going to be something that's going to emerge that i

2:40:49

should know about

2:40:50

that somehow i'm admitting something but all i'm saying is what i see is a lot

2:40:54

of people using it to

2:40:55

taunt people yes can't figure out i think that's the vast majority of it i do

2:41:00

believe that and i think

2:41:01

the same thing about the kakistani types is that that's almost all humor yeah

2:41:06

and there's a massive

2:41:07

problem with pushing back against that and calling those people nazis and racists

2:41:12

and especially when

2:41:12

they're just using humor and especially when it's very clear if you look at all

2:41:16

the memes online and i i

2:41:18

went thoroughly through google to find them there are some abhorrent ones there

2:41:21

are some horrible ones

2:41:23

there are some ones that are with the nazi uniforms there's some there's some

2:41:27

anti-jew ones there's

2:41:28

some horrific ones most of them are not that most of them the vast majority of

2:41:33

them are humorous and if

2:41:35

and again these people are not coordinating so if one person decides to make a

2:41:40

mickey mouse racist meme

2:41:42

which by the way a lot of the early mickey mouse cartoons you could just take a

2:41:46

screenshot and they're

2:41:48

fucking tremendously racist right because dealing with the side of the times i

2:41:52

mean images of black

2:41:53

people that were extremely cartoonish you know giant lips black faces the whole

2:41:58

deal are horribly

2:42:00

racist you could say mickey mouse is fucking racist don't go to disneyland no

2:42:04

one's saying that right

2:42:05

but they could and this is the slippery slope you start with the frog you know

2:42:09

and you know first they

2:42:11

came for peppy and i didn't say anything yeah well if the frog is racist you

2:42:14

start wondering what isn't

2:42:16

racist exactly because it's a bloody cartoon frog well you can make a cartoon

2:42:20

about everything that has

2:42:21

ever existed and make that racist it doesn't mean that the frog is racist this

2:42:26

is where it's crazy it's

2:42:27

like what percentage of people are making the frog racist and then for the

2:42:31

southern poverty law center to

2:42:33

say that this is a symbol of hate now this frog well well guess what you just

2:42:37

back these people up

2:42:38

against the wall and you sure their offenses because now they're realizing oh

2:42:42

well these people are mad

2:42:44

they're they're crazy not just mad like angry but mad like insane like you're

2:42:48

not looking at this

2:42:49

thing rationally at all you're saying that a frog where 99 of the memes are

2:42:53

just humorous or silly

2:42:55

now the frog is a hate symbol not only a hate symbol but nazi white supremacist

2:43:01

i mean the you're

2:43:03

they're just drawing up all of the space between their preposterous perspective

2:43:09

and the nightmare at

2:43:10

the other end of the spectrum and the point is almost all of us live in that

2:43:14

intermediate space so

2:43:16

yeah it's almost all thoughts live in that intermediate space and there's a

2:43:21

variability of all thoughts you

2:43:23

know there's there's flexibility of all ideas and when you're talking about

2:43:27

something that words extremely

2:43:30

humorous you're talking about a humorous frog i mean god damn to call that all

2:43:35

hate when sometimes it's

2:43:36

hate and some by who by whoever the people are that did that hateful thing

2:43:41

those are the people that

2:43:43

are hateful not the other ones that are using that frog for humor i mean this

2:43:47

is the fact that this is

2:43:49

a an argument at all just shows how lost we are in these ideological arguments

2:43:54

this left versus right

2:43:56

extreme end of the spectrum on one end of the field throwing rocks at the far

2:44:01

end of the field

2:44:02

yeah it's most of us are in the middle somewhere it's it's hopeless yes if we

2:44:06

cannot have discussions

2:44:07

about a frog yeah about a cartoon frog cartoon frog i mean jesus christ well

2:44:14

that's so weird that's a nice

2:44:15

conclusion yeah it might be it might be listen this was a lot of fun it always

2:44:20

is great and uh i'm glad you

2:44:22

guys came up with this idea and i'm glad we had the time to do it yeah me too

2:44:25

man thanks for the

2:44:26

invitation and my pleasure to meet you um jordan peterson what is your twitter

2:44:31

handle again

2:44:32

jordan b peterson yep and brett weinstein brett weinstein uh on twitter weinstein

2:44:38

i've been saying

2:44:38

weinstein it doesn't make you're not interchangeable uh sorry sort of sort of

2:44:43

all right um but thank you

2:44:45

guys really appreciate it a lot of fun yep good to see you again bye everybody